Flashcards in Chapter 6 Skeletal System: Bone Tissue Deck (32)
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1
The membrane that covers cartilage.
Perichondrium
2
Blood cell production, which occurs in red bone marrow after birth. Also called hematopoiesis.
Hemopoiesis
3
a small channel or canal as in bones, where they connect lacuae. Plural is canaliculi
Canaliculus
4
Growth due to surface of material as in the growth in diameter of cartilage and bone. Also called exogenous growth
Appositional growth
5
a highly coecitve tissue located in microscopic spaces between trabeculae of spongy bone tissue
Red Bone Marrow
6
Any break in a bone
Fracture
7
A hormone secreted by the chief (principal) cells of the parathyroid glands that increases blood calcium level and decreases blood phosphate level
Parathyroid hormone
8
Loss of calcium and phosphorus from bones
Demineralization
9
The membrane that covers bone and consists of connective tissue, osteogenic cells, and osteoblasts; is essential for bone growth, repair and nutrition.
Periosteum
10
The study of bones
Osteology
11
Deposition of minerals salts, primarily hydroxyapatite, in a framework formed by collagen fibers in which the tissue hardens. Also called mineralization.
Calcification
12
The basic unit of structure in adult compact bone, consisting of a central (haversain) canal with its concentrically arranged lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, and canaliculi. Also called a haversain system.
Osteon
13
The membrane that lines the medullary (marrow) cavity of bones, consisting of osteogenic cells and scattered osteoclasts.
Endosteum
14
an area in the cartilage model of future bone where the cartilage cells hypertrophy, secrete enzymes that calcify their extracellular matrix, and die, and the area they occupied is invaded by osteoblasts that then lay down bone.
Ossification center
15
Age related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures often as a result of decreased levels of estrogens.
Osteoporosis
16
the method of bone formation in which the bone is formed directly in mesenchyme arranged sheet like layers that resemble membranes.
Intramembranous ossification
17
a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland that can lower the amount of blood calcium and phosphate by inhibiting bone resorption (breakdown of bone extracellular matrix) and by acceleration uptake of calcium and phosphates into bone matrix.
calcitonin
18
The shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
19
The hyaline cartliage plate in the metaphysis of a long bone; site of lengthwise growth of long bones
Epiphyseal plate
20
The space within the diaphysis of a bone that contains yellow bone marrow. Also called the marrow cavity
Medullary cavity
21
Growth from within, as in the growth of cartilage. Also called endogenous growth.
Interstitial growth
22
Irregular latticework of thin plates of spongy bone tissue. Fibrous cord of connective tissue serving as supporting fiber by forming a septum extending into an organ from its wall or capsule.
Trabecula
23
A minute passageway by means of which blood vessels and nerves from the periosteum penetrate into compact bone. Also called Volkmann's canal.
Perforating canal
24
The remnant of the epiphyseal plate in the metaphysics of a long bone.
Epiphyseal line
25
Bone tissue that consists of an irregular latticework of thin plates of bone called trabeculae; spaces between trabecular of some bones are filled with red bone marrow; found inside short, flat and irregular bones and in the epiphyses (ends) of long bones.
Spongy bone tissue
26
Formation of bone. Also called osteogenesis.
Ossification
27
The replacement of cartilage by bone. Also called intracartilaginous ossification.
Endochondral ossification
28
Stem cell derived from mesenchyme that has mitotic potential and the ability to differentiate into osteoblast.
Osteogenic cell
29
Hyaline cartilage attached to articular bone surfaces.
Articular cartilage
30
