Chapter 7

Question 1

4 major parts of proximal femur

Answer 1

Head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter

Question 2

What does the head of the femur articulate with?

Answer 2

Hip bone

Question 3

Depression near the center of the femoral head is attached to which ligament?

Answer 3

Capitis Femoris

Question 4

What is the neck of the femur?

Answer 4

Strong pyramidal process connecting the head to the body

Question 5

Where is the Greater Trochanter located compared to the femoral shaft?

Answer 5

Superiorly and laterally to the femoral shaft

Question 6

Where is the Lesser Trochanter located?

Answer 6

Medially and posteriorly from the junction of the neck and shaft of the femur

Question 7

What part of the femur is used as a bony landmark?

Answer 7

Greater Trochanter

Question 8

The trochanters are joined posteriorly by a thick bony ridge called:

Answer 8

Intertrochanteric Crest

Question 9

What is the angle of the neck to the shaft of the femur?

Answer 9

125 degrees, w/15 degree variance

Question 10

How does the femoral angle from the neck to the shaft change based on height of person?

Answer 10

The shorter the person, the lesser the angle

Question 11

What is the angle of the longitudinal plane of the femur on an average person? Short person? Tall person?

Answer 11

10 degrees
A shorter person is 15 degrees
A taller person is about 5 degrees

Question 12

What is the angle of the head and neck in relation to the shaft of the femur?

Answer 12

15-20 degrees

Question 13

How much does the leg/femur need to be rotated for a true AP of the proximal femur?

Answer 13

15-20 degrees internally

Question 14

What is the base of the trunk?

Answer 14

Pelvis

Question 15

The pelvis forms the connection between:

Answer 15

Verterbral column and lower limbs

Question 16

What are the 4 bones that make up the pelvis?

Answer 16

2 hip bones (ossa coxae)
Sacrum
Coccyx

Question 17

What are the 3 divisions of the hip bone?

Answer 17

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Question 18

Where do the hip bones fuse together in a child?

Answer 18

The acetabulum

Question 19

What is the largest of the 3 hip bones?

Answer 19

Ilium

Question 20

What makes up the Ilium?

Answer 20

Ala and body

Question 21

The body of the Ilium includes how much of the Acetabulum?

Answer 21

Upper 2/5

Question 22

Where is the Iliac crest located?

Answer 22

Upper margin of the ala extending from ASIS to the PSIS

Question 23

What landmarks can be found on the Ilium?

Answer 23

ASIS and iliac crest

Question 24

Where is the Ischium located in relation to the acetabulum?

Answer 24

Inferior and posterior to the acetabulum

Question 25

How is the Ischium divided?

Answer 25

Body and a ramus

Question 26

What portion of the acetabulum does the Ischium include?

Answer 26

Posterioinferior 2/5 of the acetablulum

Question 27

How does the lower portion of the Ischium project form the Acetabulum?

Answer 27

Caudally and medially ending at the ischial tuberosity

Question 28

What projects anteriorly from the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 28

Ramus of the Ischium

Question 29

What is the bony projection posterior to the acetabulum?

Answer 29

Ischial spine

Question 30

What are the two notches between the Ischial spine?

Answer 30

Greater sciatic noth Lesser sciatic notch

Question 31

What bears most of the weight when a person sits?

Answer 31

Ischial tuberosities

Question 32

Where is the body of the pubis located in relation to the acetabulum?

Answer 32

Anterior and inferior to the acetabulum

Question 33

What makes up the pubis?

Answer 33

Anterioinferior 1/5 of the acetabulum Superior Ramus Inferior Ramus Pubic Symphysis Obturator foramen

Question 34

How does the superior ramus extend from the body of each pubis?

Answer 34

Anteriorly and medially

Question 35

What forms the pubic symphysis?

Answer 35

The two ramus meet to from the joint

Question 36

What forms the obturator foramen?

Answer 36

Ramus and body of each Ischium and the pubis

Question 37

What is the largest foramen in the body?

Answer 37

Obturator foramen

Question 38

What is the greater/false pelvis?

Answer 38

The general area above the brim

Question 39

What rests on the floor of the greater pelvis?

Answer 39

Lower abdominal organs and a fetus within the pregnant uterus

Question 40

What is the true pelvis?

Answer 40

The area inferior to the plane of the pelvis

Question 41

What surrounds the true pelvis?

Answer 41

Bony structures

Question 42

What is the inlet and outlet of the true pelvis?

Answer 42

Inlet - the brim of the pelvis Outlet - ischial tuberosities and the tip of the coccyx

Question 43

Differences between male/female pelvic bones

Answer 43

Female is wider and ala is more flared; Male is narrower, deeper, and less flared Female pubic arch is usually 80-85 degrees; Male is 50-60 degrees Female pelvic inlet is usually round and larger; Male is more oval and heart shaped

Question 44

Anatomic position for femur (how do the neck and trochanters appear)

Answer 44

Feet pointed towards the sky Femoral necks partially foreshortened Lesser trochanters partially visible

Question 45

15-20 degree medial rotation (how do trochanters appear)

Answer 45

Feet and lower limbs rotated internally Lesser trochanters are not visible

Question 46

External rotation (how do neck and trochanters appear)

Answer 46

Toes pointed out Femoral necks greatly foreshortened Lesser trochanters visible internally

Question 47

How do you position leg in the case of a hip fracture?

Answer 47

Fractured leg kept in whatever position it is in Unaffected foot in a neutral position

Question 48

How is shielding used for pelvis?

Answer 48

Male - can be used, but do not cover essential anatomy Female - Can cover the ovary that is not essential anatomy; full pelvis cannot use shielding

Question 49

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis? And what is the mobility type?

Answer 49

Cartilaginous Amphiarthrodial

Question 50

Why type of joint are SI joints? What is the mobility type?

Answer 50

Synovial Limited movement

Question 51

What is the CR angle for the outlet projection?

Answer 51

30 cephalic

Question 52

Where is the CR for the outlet projection?

Answer 52

1-2" distal to superior border of pubic symphysis

Question 53

What is the CR angle for the inlet projection

Answer 53

40 caudal

Question 54

Where is the CR for the inlet projection

Answer 54

@ ASIS

Question 55

When using "T" method to find femoral head/neck, how many inches is the head and neck from the midpoint between ASIS and pubic symphysis?

Answer 55

Head - 1.5" Neck - 2"

Question 56

How to find the femoral neck from ASIS

Answer 56

1-2" Medial 3-4" distal