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Rad Positioning I > Pathology - Biliary & Upper GI > Flashcards

Pathology - Biliary & Upper GI Flashcards

1
Q

Found at the pharyngoesophageal junction at the upper end of the esophagus

A

Zencker’s Diverticula

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2
Q

Pouch or sac of variable size occuring normally or created by herniation of a mucous membrane through a defect in its muscular coat

A

Diverticula

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3
Q

Involves all layers of the esophagus and results from adjacent scar tissue that pulls the esophagus toward the area of involvement. Occurs more frequently in the middle third of the esophagus

A

Traction Diverticulum

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4
Q

Gastric contents return back through the gastric orifice and irritate the lining of the esophagus

A

Esophageal reflux

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5
Q

Congenital anomaly where the roof of the mouth is open which allows food and fluid to pass into the nose

A

Cleft palate

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6
Q

Congenital abnormaility where the esophagus fails to fully develop - systems seen soon after birth - surgery done to correct the defect

A

Esophageal Atresia

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7
Q

Congenital anomaly of the stomach in which the the pyloric canal is greatly narrowed because of hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter

A

Pyloric stenosis

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8
Q

Protrusion of any structure (especially some portion of the stomach) into the thoracic cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

Hiatal hernia

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9
Q

Erosion of the mucosal lining of the stomah - may be severe enough to cause a perforation of the wall resulting in severe bleeding. Mild cases controlled by diet - chronic may result in surgery

A

Gastric/peptic ulcer

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10
Q

Inflammation of the stomach mucosa

A

Gastritis

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11
Q

Complete reversal of the viscera of the thorax and/or abdomen

A

Situs Inversus/transposition

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12
Q

Mass of undigested material that gets trapped in the stomach - usually made up of hair, vegetable fibers or wood products. Material builds up and may form an obstruction in time

A

Bezoar

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13
Q

Small mass growing from the mucosal wall - may be either cancerous or benign

A

Polyp

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14
Q

A neuromuscular disorder of the esophagus which results in failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax. Results in dilation of the esophagus

A

Achalasia

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15
Q

A type of hiatal hernia where the esophagogastric junction has herniated through the diaphragmatic opening

A

Schatzke’s ring

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16
Q

A substance that attenuates (absorbs) the x-ray beam to a different degree than the surrounding tissue

A

Contrast media

17
Q

Factors a patient’s history or present status that indicate that a medical procedure should not be performed or that medication should not be given

A

Contraindications

18
Q

A dosage from in which one or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier. Usually rapidly absorbed and may be administered orally or parenterally (beneath the surface of the skin)

A

Solution

19
Q

A dosage form in which one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in a liquid carrier. Most are administered orally and should be shaken thorougly just before being given. They should never be administered intravenously

A

Suspension

20
Q

Device used for examining deep structures by means of x-rays; it consists of a screen covered with crystals on which are projected the shadows of x-rays passing through the body situated between the screen and the source of irradiation

A

Fluoroscope

21
Q

Equipment that permits the radiologist to obtain static radiographs during a dynamic fluoroscopic examiniation

A

Spot film device

22
Q

Examination by means of the fluoroscope

A

Fluoroscopy

23
Q

Surgical removal of part or all of the stomach

A

Gastrectomy

24
Q

Act of swallowing

A

Deglutition

25
Q

Act of chewing

A

Mastication

26
Q

The contractive waves of the digestive system

A

Peristalsis

27
Q

Gallstone

A

Cholelith

28
Q

Condition of having gallstones

A

Cholelithasis

29
Q

Inflammation of the gallbladder

A

Cholecystitis

30
Q

A narrowing of one of the bilary ducts. Cholecystitis may result from this

A

Bilary stenosis

31
Q

Conditions that the patient possesses at birth. Most are benign but may affect the production, storage or release of bile

A

Congenital anomalies

32
Q

New growths - may be benign or malignant. If malignant, may spread to the liver, pancreas or GI tract

A

Neoplasm

33
Q

Removal of the GB surgically

A

Cholecystectomy

34
Q

Extensive calcification in the wall of the GB which forms an oval density that corresponds to the size and shape of the GB. The term reflects blue discoloration and brittle consistancy of the GB wall

A

Porcelain Gallbladder

35
Q

Examiniation of the GB and ducts

A

Choleography

36
Q

Agent which promotes contraction of the GB - not a contrast agent

A

Cholecystogogue

37
Q

Any contrast media used for GB visualization

A

Cholecystopaque

38
Q

Abnormally dilated veins in the distal esophagus - often seen with acture liver disease. Best demonstrated recumbent for more complete filling of the veins

A

Esophageal varices

Rad Positioning I (33 decks)

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