Chapter 7

Question 1

Two parts of autonomic nervous system

Answer 1

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 2

What part of autonomic nervous system is excitatory to targets and increases cellular functions?

Answer 2

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 3

What part of autonomic nervous system is inhibitory to targets and decreases cellular functions?

Answer 3

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 4

Axon of pre synaptic to dendrites of post synaptic cell

Answer 4

Ganglion

Question 5

Region sympathetic occurs at

Answer 5

Thoraco-lumbar

Question 6

Region parasympathetic occurs at

Answer 6

Cranial-Sacral

Question 7

Receptor that binds Ach

Answer 7

Cholerinic

Question 8

Cholerinic receptor with Na+ channels, located on post ganglionic neurons

Answer 8

Nicotinic Receptor

Question 9

Cholerinic receptor, changes second messengers, reduction/inhibition of specific cellular function

Answer 9

Muscarinic Receptor

Question 10

Post ganglionic cells release this onto target for sympathetic nervous system

Answer 10

Norepinephrine (NE)

Question 11

Post ganglionic cells release this onto target for parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 11

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 12

Released by preganglionic neuron onto postganglionic for both systems

Answer 12

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 13

Receptor on postganglionic cells for both systems

Answer 13

Nicotinic receptors

Question 14

What is always excitatory to post-ganglionic cells?

Answer 14

Acetylcholine

Question 15

System with 1st neuron short, 2nd long

Answer 15

Sympathetic

Question 16

System with 1st neuron long, 2nd short

Answer 16

Parasympathetic

Question 17

What hormones augment sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 17

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 18

What do adrenergic receptors bind?

Answer 18

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 19

Adrenergic receptor that is on most sympathetic targets, excitatory, and binds NE>Epi

Answer 19

Alpha 1

Question 20

Adrenergic receptor that is excitatory, and binds NE=Epi, raises heartrate by force of contraction

Answer 20

Beta 1

Question 21

Adrenergic receptor that is inhibitory, relaxes smooth muscle, binds Epi»>NE

Answer 21

Beta 2

Question 22

Molecule that binds a receptor

Answer 22

Ligand

Question 23

Ligand made by body

Answer 23

Endogenous

Question 24

Ligand as a drug, not made by body

Answer 24

Exogenous

Question 25

Types of Exogenous ligands

Answer 25

agonists and antagonists

Question 26

Exogenous ligand that mimics action of endogenous ligand

Answer 26

Agonist

Question 27

Exogenous ligand that binds but prevents cellular action (Blocker), prevents action of endogenous ligands

Answer 27

Antagonists

Question 28

Manages hypertension by lowering heartrate and force of contraction

Answer 28

B1 Antagonist

Question 29

B1 Antagonist medication

Answer 29

Atenolol, metropolol

Question 30

B2 Agonist medication

Answer 30

Albuterol, salmeterol

Question 31

Helps with Asthma

Answer 31

B2 Agonist

Question 32

System that controls skeletal muscle

Answer 32

Somatic

Question 33

Motor unit

Answer 33

Single motor neuron and muscle fibers it stimulates

Question 34

Motor endplate potential

Answer 34

graded depolarization

Question 35

Cells that generate repeatable action potentials

Answer 35

Excitable cells

Question 36

Prevents Ach buildup in motor endplate

Answer 36

Ach Esterase

Question 37

Causes massive release of Ach from motor nerves with no AP's

Answer 37

Toxin from spiders

Question 38

Toxin from spiders causes

Answer 38

Involuntary muscle contraction

Question 39

Prevents Ach release from motor neurons

Answer 39

Botulinum toxin (botox)

Question 40

Botulinum toxin (botox)

Answer 40

muscles to lose control

Question 41

Where does Curare come from

Answer 41

produced by dart frogs

Question 42

alkaloid blocker that binds Ach receptors but doesn't allow activation

Answer 42

Curare

Question 43

Used to paralyze diaphragm in NICU for ventalators

Answer 43

Curare

Question 44

Inactivate Ach esterase

Answer 44

Nerve gasses

Question 45

Causes muscle rigor and suffocation

Answer 45

Nerve gasses

Question 46

Autoimmune disease where antibodies fight Ach receptors, block them

Answer 46

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 47

Products of immune B cells, large proteins

Answer 47

Antibodies