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American history > Chapters 12-13: Reconstruction & West > Flashcards

Chapters 12-13: Reconstruction & West Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

emancipation proclamation

A

freed slaved men

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2
Q

freedman’s bureau

A

1865, helped freed men and southern refugees with basic need such as school, food, and clothing

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3
Q

3 plans for reconstruction

A

Lincolns, Wade-Davis, and Johnson

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4
Q

Lincoln’s plan:

A

forgiven if pledged to the Union, state can rejoin if 10% of voters took an oath of loyalty

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5
Q

Wade-Davis plan:

A

congress, majority of white male citizens had to take an oath of loyalty, and decreased possibility of revolt

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6
Q

Johnson plan:

A

wealthy southerners have to apply for pardons, no set percentage of loyalty, refusal to pay off Confederate debts, a-polish slavery, and repeal recession

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7
Q

pocket vote

A

put away for 10 days until it died

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8
Q

bill things

A

president signs and becomes law; if vetoed, process starts over again

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9
Q

Lincoln’s assassination:

A

John Wilkes Booth; 1865; Ford’s Theatre; plan to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson and SOS William Steward

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10
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

democrat, southerner, not popular in congress

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11
Q

black codes

A

designed to keep freed men in slave-like conditions; law enforcement supported and enforced such laws; only written down

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12
Q

Radical Republicans

A

reshape southern society fast for freed men to bring change quickly

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13
Q

Civil Rights Act

A

protect freed men from black codes

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14
Q

13th amendment

A

freed slaves

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15
Q

14th amendment

A

granted all citizenship to freed men and all males

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16
Q

15th amendment

A

prohibited state government from denying the right to vote based on race

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17
Q

Johnson’s impeachment

A

Edward Staton fired, and violated 10 year act, 1 vote impeached but kept him in office

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18
Q

scalawags

A

Southerners who supported the Union

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19
Q

carpetbaggers

A

Northerners who moved down south for the rebirth

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20
Q

Southern Homestead Act

A

law set aside 45 million airs of government owned land for free farms to freed men and farmers

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21
Q

sharecropping

A

employer provides everything

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22
Q

tenet farming

A

renting pieces of land for farming

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23
Q

croplein system

A

supplies sold on credit, legal claims on debtors property

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24
Q

enforcement act

A

protect the right of voting for freed men, setting heavy penalties for anyone who interjected

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25
compromise of 1876
Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden competed for president; Hayes won; independent replaced with republican; promised south to construct new railroads, control floods on the Mississippi, and removed federal troops
26
Plains Indians
different tribes; buffalo used for everything; white men wanted to kill off buffalo to move them
27
hunting trains
went to u=hunt buffalo, following until they reached a heard and shot at them
28
reservations
concentration camps for Indians
29
Sand Creek Massacre
Arapaho and Cheyenne; told to go to reservations; Black Kettle camped near Fort Lyon for believed government porection
30
Colonel Chivington
killed the Indians and Black Kettle escaped; led drunks and unemployed to attack; congress investigated and no punishment
31
Battle of Little Bighorn
June 25, 1876; Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull united in Montana; Colonel George A Custer led 3 columns to take Indians to reservations; 2,500 warriors; temporary victory for Sioux
32
Nez Perce
Oregon 1877; peaceful tribe, government forced onto reservations; young warriors killed; 4 white settlers; Canada; caught 40 miles out and surrendered; Chief Joseph
33
ghost dance
Wavoka, Paiute prophet; dance inspired spiritual awakening in dance is done with vests; chased white men away; buffalo prayed to come back; drank too much and had vision
34
Wounded Knee
Dec 29, 1890; troops led by James Forsyth; starving Sioux forced to turn in guns; gun went off and spiraled into gun fight; marked the end of major conflict for Indians and settlers
35
bureau of Indian affairs
erased indianship from Americanization; took children away, cut hair and clothes, only forced to speak English, Carlyle Indian Industrial School tried to beat out
36
Dawes act of 1887
required Indians to become landowners, become part of white civilization; eliminated most of tribal ownership; 160 acres to head of family; 80 acres to single orphan, 40 acres to independent child, gained full title in 25 years
37
Comstock load
Nevada gold mine, largest gold strike
38
Klondike gold rush
Yukon Territory, Canada, gold and silver, had to have a years worth of supplies
39
placer mining
allowed miners to pan for gold, but needed to dig
40
hydraulic
high pressure water
41
hard rock mining
cutting deep shafts in solid rock
42
prospectors
employees
43
cattle boom
Spanish forst ranchers, longhorns and sheep; meat demand in the East
44
Joseph McCoy
started Chisholm Trail from San Antonio to Abilene
45
Joseph Glidden
invented barbed wire
46
homestead act
160 acres to head of household over 21
47
pacific railroad
gave land to build railroad west
48
morrel act
land to states for building universities to do with agriculture and machine
49
Oklahoma land rush
1889; opened unassigned Indian land to settlers; 2 million acres
50
Union Pacific
Omaha, Nebraska; flat, civil war vets; west
51
central pacific
Sacramento, California; Chinese
52
promontory summit
Utah, May 18, 1869
53
exodusters
freed African American settlers migrating west
54
European settlers move
freedom of religion and identity
55
dugouts
homes built out of mud out of hillsides
56
James Oliver
invented the sharp edged bow
57
Cyrus McOrmic
the reaper, cuts down grains, 1847
58
national grange
first major farmers organization by Oliver Hudson Kelley, united famers
59
Munn vs. Illinois
state legislators right to regulate business involving public interest
60
Wabash vs. Illinois
federal government regulated railroad traffic
61
farmers alliance
practical equipment, needs, and lobbied banking
62
colored farmers alliance
advocated hard work and sacrifice in society
63
populist party
peoples party
64
populist party platform
supported national grange and alliance of farmers, labor leaders, and reformers
65
1892 election
populists took seats in office and congress
66
panic of 1893
depression, Cleveland focused on silver and cause of depression
67
Sherman Silver act
based on gold and silver

American history (25 decks)

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