Chapter 23 Reading

Question 1

2 ways nations moved

Answer 1

democracy and totalitarianism

Question 2

totalitarianism

Answer 2

type of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people

Question 3

Soviet Union

Answer 3

produced the first totalitarian state; headed by Vladimir Lenin

Question 4

Joseph Stalin

Answer 4

took Lenin’s place in 1924 as the communist party’s head

Question 5

troubled Italy

Answer 5

postwar economic depression

Question 6

1922 king asked

Answer 6

Mussolini to form a government

Question 7

Benito Mussolini

Answer 7

founder of the Fascist Party; turned Italy into a fascist country with a controlled press, secret police, and no political parties; led an invasion into Ethiopia

Question 8

following WW1 Germany became

Answer 8

a democracy

Question 9

the Great Depression in Germany

Answer 9

caused severe economic troubles

Question 10

Nazi party

Answer 10

national socialist German worker’s party; led by Adolf Hitler

Question 11

Adolf Hitler

Answer 11

criticized people, political programs, and ideologies; sharpest assaults against jews and communists; antisemitic; appointed chancellor of Germany and became president in 1933; reclaimed the Saar region from French control and sent troops into Rhineland

Question 12

communists

Answer 12

supporting communism for everyone owning their own things and each person is paid and works according to their abilities and needs

Question 13

antisemitic

Answer 13

prejudice against jews

Question 14

the Great Depression in Japan

Answer 14

ended a period of increased democracy and peaceful change

Question 15

military leaders argued

Answer 15

expansion throughout Asia would solve Japan’s problems

Question 16

Japan attacked

Answer 16

Manchuria and established a puppet state (government that appears independent but is actually controlled by another country) in 1931; attacked China

Question 17

rape of Nanjing

Answer 17

Japan attacked China raiding the capital city with such brutality

Question 18

1930’s Italy and Germany resorted to

Answer 18

acts of aggression similar to those of Japan and Asia

Question 19

League of Nations

Answer 19

did almost nothing to stop the aggression within Rhineland and Ethiopia

Question 20

France, Britain, and the US pursued

Answer 20

policy of appeasement toward fascist leaders; only encouraged the leaders to become bolder and more aggressive

Question 21

appeasement

Answer 21

granting concessions to a potential enemy to maintain peace

Question 22

after Japan’s attack on China

Answer 22

FDR criticized the Japanese aggression

Question 23

US continued to

Answer 23

back away from intervention in foreign conflicts

Question 24

1939 Germany invaded

Answer 24

Poland despite a military alliance among France, Britain, and Poland

Question 25

Britan and France

Answer 25

declared war on Germany beginning WW2

Question 26

axis powers

Answer 26

Germany, Italy, Japan, and several other nations

Question 27

allies

Answer 27

Britain, France, Soviet Union, China, and the US

Question 28

blitzkrieg

Answer 28

lightning war; Germany used; tanks and planes attacked in coordinated effort and quickly conquered Poland

Question 29

April 1940

Answer 29

Denmark and Norway fell to blitzkrieg

Question 30

May 1940 Germany

Answer 30

took the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, and invaded France; attacked Britain from the air

Question 31

Winston Churchill

Answer 31

prime minister of Britain; convince America to join the allies

Question 32

Edward R. Murrow

Answer 32

news reporter; reports of the bombing of London shocked the American public; emphasized the Germans were bombing civilians, not armies or military sites

Question 33

US policies

Answer 33

isolationist; despite this they slowly moved toward involvement

Question 34

neutrality act of 1939

Answer 34

helped the allies buy goods and munitions from the US

Question 35

isolationists policies

Answer 35

advocated non-involvement in European and Asian conflicts and non-entanglement in international politics

Question 36

isolationists believed

Answer 36

getting involved in a bloody European war would be wasteful and dangerous

Question 37

most Americans

Answer 37

wanted to remain neutral

Question 38

FDR argued

Answer 38

helping Britain; met with Churchill to discuss the war

Question 39

lend-lease act

Answer 39

gave the president the power to sell, give, or lease weapons to protect the US

Question 40

Atlantic Charter

Answer 40

document that endorsed national self-determination and an international system of "general security"; signaled the deepening alliance between the two nations

Question 41

Hitler in fall of 1941

Answer 41

ordered German U boats to attack American ships for their support of the allies