Chapter 15: Life at 20th Century

Question 1

old immigrants

Answer 1

came from Northern and Western Europe; 10 million in 100 years; mostly Protestants

Question 2

new immigrants

Answer 2

came from middle eastern Europe; 18 million in 30 years; very different from old; Roman Catholics

Question 3

steerage

Answer 3

the bottom part of a ship or boat

Question 4

Ellis Island

Answer 4

immigration station to pass inspection; old immigrants; New York; got there by ferry

Question 5

Angel Island

Answer 5

Asian immigrants; San Fransisco; Chinese and different

Question 6

Benevolent society

Answer 6

aid organization to help new immigrants obtain jobs, education, and health care

Question 7

nativists

Answer 7

native born Americans

Question 8

Denis Kearney

Answer 8

Irish immigrant; led active opposition against Chinese immigrants

Question 9

Chinese Exclusion Act

Answer 9

banned Chinese immigrants for 10 years

Question 10

Gentlemen’s Agreement

Answer 10

no unskilled workers from Japan in exchange for the children to go back to school

Question 11

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 11

president at the time

Question 12

literary test

Answer 12

see if test takers could read English in order to vote; under president Wilson’s veto

Question 13

Fredrick Law Olmsted

Answer 13

created city parks to provide residents with countryside; Central Park

Question 14

Elisha Otis

Answer 14

invented the safety elevator

Question 15

middle class

Answer 15

engineers; teachers; lawyers; doctors

Question 16

Jame Addams

Answer 16

created of Hull House

Question 17

Hull House

Answer 17

settlement house; south of Chicago

Question 18

Social Gospel

Answer 18

idea that religious faith should be expressed through good works and churches had a duty to help solve society’s problems

Question 19

political machine

Answer 19

informal group of professional politicians controlling the local government who went corropt

Question 20

tweed ring

Answer 20

notorious political machine in New York

Question 21

William Marcy Tweed

Answer 21

leader of the tweed ring; bought votes

Question 22

Tammany Hall

Answer 22

political machine in New York

Question 23

Thomas Nast

Answer 23

political cartoonist who attacked corruption in Harper’s Weekly

Question 24

corruption

Answer 24

illegal tactics to maintain control

Question 25

Credit Mobitier

Answer 25

cost the taxpayers $23 million in overcharges by the Union Pacific; first scandal

Question 26

Whiskey ring

Answer 26

responsible for diverting tax collections to individuals; 2nd scandal

Question 27

James A Garfield

Answer 27

assassinated 4 months after taking office

Question 28

Charles Guiteau

Answer 28

assassinator of Garfield

Question 29

Chester Arthur

Answer 29

next president; started Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

Question 30

Pendleton Service Reform Act

Answer 30

can't get a job based on money

Question 31

poll tax

Answer 31

had to pay to vote

Question 32

grandfather clause

Answer 32

allowed men to vote if father or grandfather were eligible to vote before January 1, 1867

Question 33

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Answer 33

separate but equal facilities didn't violate the 14th amendment; 1896

Question 34

racial étiquette

Answer 34

strict rules of behavior; blacks "know their place"

Question 35

lynching

Answer 35

murder of an individual usually by hanging in front yard without a legal trial by he said she said

Question 36

Booker T Washington

Answer 36

believed African Americans should accept segregation for the moment; farming and vocational skills; born a slave

Question 37

W.E.B. DuBois

Answer 37

believed in speaking out against prejudice and striving for full rights; Harvard graduate; "talented tenth"

Question 38

Niagara Movement

Answer 38

protest discrimination in 1905; WEB launched

Question 39

NAACP

Answer 39

WEB launched advancement of colored people