circulation. Vascular syndromes Flashcards
Acute occlusion means
syndrome of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Occlusion of ophthalmic artery produces
amaurosis fugax
In a problem with middle cerebral artery we have
Hemiparesis, hemianestesia (upper>lower extremity), hemianopsia, aphasia/neglet
In a problem with anterior cerebral artery we have
Hemiparesis, hemianestesia, hemiplegia contralateral (lower>upper extremity), changed behavior, abulia, affected gait, speech ability wrong, incontinence
In Carotid artery occlusion we have
Often occludes with not evidence thanks to the circle of Willis
Strokes occur after carotid occlusion if the colateral supply is inadequate or if embolises
It can involve ophthalmic artery: monocular retinal ischemia and blindness
If carotid occludes from dissection there can be Horner’s syndrome
In posterior cerebral artery occlusion we have
patients with posterior cerebral syndromes can be in atrial fibrillation
Isolated hemianopsia (because it supplies the occipital cortex)
Neglect syndromes
Confusion or memory impairment (because it supplies the thalami and the medial posterior temporal lobe)
Cortical blindness and confusion (if both posterior arteries are infarcted
Vertebral artery occlusion
Horner’s syndrome, temperature and pain sensory loss on one side of the face and the other side of the body, nystagmus, ataxia of the ipsilateral limbs and palatal and vocal cord paralysis
Basilar artery occlusion
Is commonly affected by atherosclerosis on which in-situ thrombus may form
Lower motor neurone type bulbar palsy
Upper motor neurone impairments may cause pseudo bulbar palsy (with brisk facial reflexes, jaw jerk, spastic tongue). Emotional lability
Pontine infarction can cause: 6th nerve palsy, gaze paresis, internuclear ophthalmoplegia and pinpoints pupils
Midbrain infarction: loss of vertical eye movement, pupillary abnormalities and coma.
Queadriplegia
Wallenberg syndrome
PICA
Ataxia half of the body
Dysarthria
Horner’s síndrome no the dame si de
Los of strength
Vertigo
Nystagmus
Los of pain and temperature on one side of the body and the opposite side of the face
Vertebrobasilar ischaemia
Diplopia
Dysarthria
Nystagmus
Ataxia
Anterior spinal artery syndrome. Clinical
Flaccidity in the upper limb, spasticity in the lower limb+ analgesia+thermalgesia
Deep sensitivity is preserved
Defects in Adamkiewincz artery we have
Spastic lower limbs
Dissociated sense of pain/temperature and touch
Cerebral anterior artery parts of the brain
Sensitive and motor cortex
Prefrontal lobe
Middle cerebral artery parts of the brain
Frontal, parietal and temporal lobe
Posterior cerebral artery parts of the brain
Occipital lobe
Hippocampus
Corpus callosum
Thalamus
