Circulatory System Flashcards
(18 cards)
What makes up the circulatory system
Heart, blood vessels and blood
Purpose of the right ventricle
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Purpose of the left ventricle
Pumps oxgyanated blood to the other organs and around the body
What are the four chambers of the heart
Right atrium, right ventricle
left atrium, left ventricle
How does deoxygenated blood flow through the heart
Blood flows into the Vena Cava and then through the right atrium and right ventricle before flowing along the pulmonary artery towards the lungs to be oxygenated. It ten returns through the pulmonary vein and through the left atrium and left ventricle and finally out of the aorta and towards the body.
Where are pacemaker cells
Right Atrium
How do pacemaker cells work?
Send out electrical impulses for the muscles to contract and force blood out of the heart
Types of blood vessels
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries - Exchanges of materials in the tissues
Veins - Carry blood to the heart
How are arteries adapted to carry blood
Artery walls are thick, strong and elastically.The lumen (hole) is small and is under high pressure so have muscular walls
How are veins adapted to carry blood
Blood has a lower pressure so there are valves to prevent back flowing blood
Larger lumen (hole) to carry more blood
How are capillaries adapted to carry blood
Very small and have permeable walls (one cell thick) so substances can carry out gas exchange
Four components of blood
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Purpose of red blood cells
Carry blood around the body
Adaptations of red blood cells
- Bioconcave shape to give a large surface area
-No nucleus so can maximise oxygen absorbtion
-Contain red haemoglobin
White Blood cells
Preform Phagocytosis
Produce antibodies to fight microorganisms
Platelets
No nucleus
Small fragments of cells that help form scabs to prevent microorganisms entering your body
Plasma
Pale straw-like liquid that carries everything
Carries red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, nutrients (glucose and amino axcids), Carbon dioxide, Urea, Hormones, proteins, antibodies and antitoxins
What does the blood carry
Carries red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, nutrients (glucose and amino axcids), Carbon dioxide, Urea, Hormones, proteins, antibodies and antitoxins
