Classification and Evolution Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the taxonomic hierarchy used to classify organisms?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
What is the binomial naming system?
Two-part Latin name: genus and species.
What is the binomial naming system?
Prokaryotae, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
What is the three-domain system?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.
What type of evidence led to the development of the three-domain system?
Genetic and molecular evidence.
What is phylogeny?
Evolutionary relationships between organisms.
How does classification relate to phylogeny?
Phylogeny informs classification systems
What is the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Favourable traits passed on to next generation.
What evidence supports the theory of evolution?
Fossils, DNA, molecules.
What is the difference between intraspecific and interspecific variation?
Intraspecific = within species. Interspecific = between species.
What is continuous variation?
Continuous = range, e.g. height.
What is discontinuous variation?
Discontinuous = categories, e.g. blood type
What causes variation in organisms?
Genetic and environmental.
What are the three types of adaptation?
Anatomical, physiological, behavioural.
Why might unrelated species show similar adaptations?
Convergent evolution.
How does natural selection affect populations over time?
Changes allele frequency in population.
What is antibiotic resistance an example of?
Evolution in bacteria
What is pesticide resistance an example of?
