Cog & Bio Emotion Flashcards
(48 cards)
What do emotions involve?
Appraisals, experiences, expressive behaviour, psychological response, influences upon ensuring though and action, and language based representations of these unfolding processes
What is James-Lange theory of emotion?
Emotions are feelings arising from physiological changes, rather than being their cause
What was Cannon-bard theory of emotion?
Emotion-arousing events trigger both feeling of emotions and psychological changes
Emotions result from when the thalamus sends a message to the brain in response to a stimulus (the thalamic theory)
What did Schachter singer two fact theory state?
- physiological changes play a causal role in the generation of feelings
- no one-to-one mapping between emotions and distinct autonomic neural system (ANS) patterns
- individuals rely on environmental cues in determining (labelling) subjective emotional states
What did Lazarus’ cognitive-mediational theory state?
- emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus
- primary appraisal - what is the significance and meaning of an event
- secondary appraisal - what are the sources to cope with the event
What did Carl George Lange and William James state?
If physiological sensations could be removed, there would be no emotional experience
Common sense theory
Stimulus - subjective experience e.g fear - body response (arousal) - report e.g my heart is pounding because I feel afraid
James-Lange theory
Stimulus - body response (arousal) - subjective experience - report e.g I feel afraid because my heart is pounding
Within human beings, what does the Autonomic neural system do?
As a response to experience in the world, the ANS will create physiological events such as muscular tension, a rise in heart rate etc. therefore, emotions are feelings that arise as a RESULT OF THESE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES, rather than being their cause
Facial expressions affect physiological reactions :
Directed facial expressions affect heart rate and right finger temperature
Inability to move one’s face dampens facial expression perception - what does facial paralysis affect?
Affects facial emotion processing and facial motion processing, but not facial identity processing
What do body cues provide?
Social and emotional context for facial expressions
Body cues, but not facial expressions, do what?
Discriminate between intense positive and negative emotions
Cannon-Bard model of emotion:
Stimulus - both subjective experience and body response and the same time - report e.g the bear makes me feel afraid and my heart pounds
Schachter & singer - physiological response play a causal role in what?
The generation of feelings
However, evidence argued against distinct ANS patterns for emotions, consistent with Cannon’s position
What did Schachter & singer propose?
Proposed that individuals rely on environmental cues in determining subjective emotional states
Two factor theory of emotions experiment :
1 group were injected with adrenaline and knew about it, the other had a placebo
They were placed in a room with someone who acted either euphoric or angry
Uninformed group reported feelings similar to their partner but informed group did not show this tendency
What did Schacter & singer conclude from the 2 factor theory of emotions experiment?
Subjects in the uninformed group misattributed their unexplained feelings of physiological arousal to environmental cues
2 factor model of emotions :
Stimulus - body response - interpretation - subjective experience - report e.g my pounding heart means I’m afraid because I interpret the situation as dangerous
What are the 2 major theories of emotions?
Basic emotion theory
Constructive theory of emotion
What are emotions for?
Adapting - responding adaptive to the environment
Communication - transmitting and interpreting social signals
Facial expression of emotions are not what?
Are not arbitrary configurations for social communication, but may instead have originated in altering the sensory interface with the physical world
When does the subjective visual-field change?
Changes for participants posing fear and disgust expressions
Fear vs disgust :
Raised vs lowered brows
Increased vs decreased eye aperture
Vertical elongation vs compression of the nose
Raised vs lowered lips
