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4 Craniofacial biology > Collagen disorders > Flashcards

Collagen disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of collagen?

A

provides rigidity, elasticity and strength -> maintains structural integrity of tissues

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2
Q

what is the structure of collagen?

A

triple helix

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3
Q

Synthesis of collagen

mRNA goes from nucleus to ??? where ??? is produced

It is modified in the ? of ??? through ? and ?

?? molecules form a ? molecule

Enter the ?? and modified through addition of ?

Procollagen enters ?? where peptidase ? propeptides forming a ? molecule called ?

This ? self assembles into a regularly staggered array forming ?

The fibrillar structure is maintained through ? bonds between the lysine and hydroxylysine of neighbouring ? molecules

Cross linking of tropocollagen leads to the formation of ?, which is catalysed by ?

A

RER
preprocollagen alpha chain

cisternae
RER
hydroxylation
glycosylation

3 preprocollagen
procollagen

golgi apparatus
oligosaccharides

extracellular matrix
cleaves
shorter
tropocollagen

spontaneously
fibrils

covalent
tropocollagen

collagen fibres
lysyl oxidase

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4
Q

collagen maintains the firmness and elasticity of skin. what types of collagen are present in the skin?

A

1 and 3

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5
Q

collagen is important in the formation of scars in wound healing. what types of collagen increase in abundance during wound healing?

A

1 and 3

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6
Q

collagen lubricates the ends of bones to allow movement. what type of collagen is here?

A

type 1

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7
Q

remember
collagen is in Cartilage, tendon, ligament -> withstand and emit large forces between ligament and bone
Muscles

A
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8
Q

what type of collagen is in the basal membrane of the oral mucosa?

A

type 4

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9
Q

where is the basement membrane in the oral mucosa?

A

between the epithelium and the mesenchyme

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10
Q

what collagen type is in alveolar bone?

A

type 1

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11
Q

what collagen type is in PDL?

A

type I and II

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12
Q

what collagen type is in cementum?

A

type I

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13
Q

what collagen type is in dentine?

A

type I

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14
Q

what collagen type is in pulp?

A

type I and III

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15
Q

what collagen type is in gingiva?

A

type I and IV

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16
Q

what collagen type is in the TMJ?

A

type I, II and III

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17
Q

what is the function of collagen in the alveolar bone?

A

resist mechanical shear from any direction

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18
Q

what is the function of collagen in the PDL?

A

flexibility and strength to the tissue

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19
Q

what is the function of collagen in cementum?

A

regulating periodontal tissues during development and regeneration

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20
Q

what is the function of collagen in dentine?

A

accommodation of minerals in the holes and pores of fibrils

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21
Q

what is the function of collagen in the pulp?

A

provides strength to connective tissue

22
Q

what is the function of collagen in the gingiva?

A

prvides strength to connective tissue

23
Q

what is the function of collagen in the TMJ?

A

structural component of intra-articular disc and provide reinforcement and mechanical stability under compression

24
Q

collagen disorders are split into 3 groups. what are they?

A

familial genetics
auto-immune
dietary

25
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

familial genetics

26
Q

how does osteogenesis imperfecta affect collagen?

A

mutation in type I collagen

27
Q

what is a clinical symptom of osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Translucent brittle teeth

28
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

familial genetics

29
Q

what does Ehlers-Danlos syndrome do?

A

increase elasticity

30
Q

alport syndrome is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

familial genetics

31
Q

alport syndrome affects which collagen type?

A

type IV

32
Q

what does alport syndrome cause?

A

much less basement membrane and epithelial dysplasia & fibrosis

33
Q

clinical symptom of alport syndrome

A

gingival enlargement

34
Q

stickler syndrom is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

familial genetics

35
Q

what is stickler syndrome?
(tissue and collagen type)

A

Mesenchymal tissue condition from alteration of collagen type II and XI

36
Q

what is a clinical symptom of stickler syndrome?

A

cleft palate

37
Q

marfan syndrome is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

familial genetics

38
Q

what does marfan syndrome cause?

A

Excess cementum laid down

39
Q

Epidermolysis bullosa is in which groupd of collagen disorders?

A

auto-immune

40
Q

Epidermolysis bullosa affects what?

A

collagen type VII and filigrin

41
Q

Epidermolysis bullosa clinical impact?

A

easily bruise and blister

42
Q

systemic sclerosis is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

auto-immune

43
Q

what does systemic sclerosis cause?

A

Increase in the amount of skin -> oral cavity closing and less flexible

Widening of periodontal space due to more matrix , increase synthesis of collagen which is less flexibl

44
Q

Lupus erythematosus is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

autoimmune

45
Q

Lupus erythematosus causes an increase in what?

A

type 7 collagen and fibronectin

46
Q

clinical symptom of lupus erythematosus

A

white pattern on the oral mucosa
(lichen planus)

47
Q

Oral submucosa fibrosis is in which group of collagen disorders?

A

dietary

48
Q

what is oral submucosa fibrosis?

A

inflammatory response to alkaloid materials

49
Q

oral submucosa fibrosis causes what?

A

Epithelial thickening of the oral cavity due to more matrix (collagen)

Can be potentially malignant

50
Q

what is scurvy?

A

Vitamin C deficiency causes cant produce normal collagen

51
Q

clinical impact of scurvy 3

A

Weakening of the PDL
loosening of the teeth
impaired dentine formation

4 Craniofacial biology (20 decks)

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