Mineralisation - hard tissue development

Question 1

enamel is what percentage mineral matrix and water by weight?

Answer 1

mineral - 96%
matrix - 1-2%
water - 2%

Question 2

dentine is what percentage mineral matrix and water by weight?

Answer 2

mineral - 70%
matrix - 20%
water - 10%

Question 3

cementum is what percentage mineral matrix and water by weight?

Answer 3

mineral - 65%
matrix - 23%
water - 12%

Question 4

bone is what percentage mineral matrix and water by weight?

Answer 4

mineral - 60%
matrix - 25%
water - 15%

Question 5

why does cementum have the most matrix?

Answer 5

it needs to flex more

Question 6

what is the structure of hydroxyapatite?

Answer 6

OH, 3Ca, 3Po, 6Ca

Question 7

what does this show?

Answer 7

stephan curve

< 5.5pH hydroxyapatite dissolves
< 4pH fluorapatite dissolves

fluoride lowers the critical pH

Question 8

what are the two theories of mineralisation?

Answer 8

heterogeneous nucleation

matrix vesicles

Question 9

theory of mineralisation - heterogeneous nucleation

Components only found in the ? can form ??, once they have formed they will grow in serum found ? in the body.

Molecules in the organic matrix act as ?? to make ??
- Collagen is a nucleator in ?and ?
- Proteoglycans
- Lipids
- Phosphoproteins

Answer 9

teeth
hydroxyapatite crystals
everywhere

epitactic agents
hydroxyapatite crystals

dentine
cementum

Question 10

theory of mineralisation - matrix vesicles

Only in ?

Hydroxyapatite crystals ? the vesicles so they release ? and ? to provide the ? environment to help ?? for crystal ? and ?

Answer 10

dentine
rupture
Ca
Po
ideal
initiate mineralisation
growth
formation