Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4 Craniofacial biology > Development of the Face, Jaws and Mouth > Flashcards

Development of the Face, Jaws and Mouth Flashcards

1
Q

what is a placode?

A

Area of ectoderm found at the location of the developing special sense organs on the embryo.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a nasal placode?

A

Placodes that develop into olfactory organ for the sensation of smell located in the mature nose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name this facial swelling

A

fronto-nasal prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name this facial swelling

A

1st arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A

stomatodeum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name this facial swelling

A

maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A

mandibular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is pseudofusion of a pharyngeal groove? example?

A

not true fusion
Groove is eliminated through tissues in the groove proliferating

Between medial nasal prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

example pseudofusion

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is true fusion between pharyngeal grooves? example?

A

True separate processes growing towards each other

Between medial nasal prominence and maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what happens in the 4th week of face development?

A

Stomodeum bound by the 5 processes (fronto-nasal prominence, mandibular and maxillary processes)

Nasal placodes develop into nasal pits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happens in the 5th week of face development?

A

Nasal pit surrounded by lateral and medial nasal prominences formed by differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens in the 6th and 7th week of face development?

A

Medial and lateral nasal prominences fuse together and fuse with maxillary processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what process is blue?

A

frontonasal process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what process is yellow?

A

medial nasal process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what process is pink?

A

lateral nasal process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what process is light green?

A

maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what process is dark green?

A

mandibular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does the frontonasal process form?

A

forehead and bridge of nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does the medial nasal process form?

A

philtrum of the lip
crest and tip of nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what does the lateral nasal processes form?

A

alae of nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does the maxillary process form?

A

cheeks
lateral upper lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does the mandibular process form?

A

lower lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when does ossification of the mandible occur?

A

6th-7th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

when does ossification of the maxilla occur?

A

week 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

when does ossification of the primary palate occur?

A

week 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

when does ossification of the nasal capsule occur?

A

week 8

28
Q

what is intramembranous ossification?

A

Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts which deposit osteoid forming bone.

Osteoblasts also differentiate into osteocytes to maintain bone matrix

29
Q

what is endochondral ossification?

A

Bone forming from cartilage

30
Q

what controls pattern formation?

A

retonoic acid and growth factors

31
Q

what growth factors control pattern formation?

A

BMP, FGF, Shh, Wnt and endothelins

Control cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis

32
Q

cartilage is a strong, flexible and semi-rigid supporting tissue made by what?

A

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

33
Q

functions of cartilage 3

A

supporting framework of some organs

articulating surface of bone so they don’t rub together and cause damage

template for growth and development where they are gradually replaced by bone

34
Q
  • The surface of most cartilage is ? -> dense irregular connective tissue
A

perichondrium

35
Q

what are the two growth mechanisms for cartilage?

A

interstitial

appositional

36
Q

what is interstitial growth mechanism of cartilage?

A

chondrocytes make matrix inside the existing cartilage

37
Q

what is appositional growth mechanism of cartilage?

A

chondroblasts from the perichondrium add new surface layers to the pre-existing matrix

38
Q

what is the main cartilage of the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

meckel’s cartilage

39
Q

meckels cartilage is developed from what type of cells?

A

crest cells

40
Q

what growth factor controls the growth of meckel’s cartilage?

A

CNN2 - connective tissue growth factor

41
Q

what does a lack in the connective tissue growth factor CCN2 result in?

A

cleft palates of mice

42
Q

formation of the mandible

first forms by what kind of ossification? where?

A

intramembranous ossification -> primary site of ossification is between the incisive and mental nerve

43
Q

what growth factor is involved in formation of the mandible?

A

Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF

44
Q

development of the mandible

During final development ossification changes to what kind of ossification? where?

A

endochondral ossification at secondary cartilage sites

45
Q

formation of the mandible week ?

Mandible first appears as a band of ?? tissue, located where the ?? branches to ? and ??

Formation of bone spreads rapidly ? below the ?? and on the ? side of the ?

? ossification

A

7

dense fibrocellular
mandibular IAN
mental
incisive nerve

backwards
mental nerve
lateral
IAN

intramembranous

46
Q

formation of the mandible week ?

Ossification moves away from the ?? to form the ???? following the line of the ??

Cartilage then ? or ? parts of the bones of the ??

A

10

meckel’s cartilage
ramus of the mandible
mandibular nerve

dissappears
forms
inner ear

47
Q

in formation of the mandible, what happens just before birth?

A

secondary mandibular cartilages formed

48
Q

how do secondary mandibular cartilages differ from primary cartilage?

A

in secondary cells are larger and have less intracellular matrix

49
Q

name the 3 secondary mandibular cartilages

A

condylar cartilage
coronoid cartilage
synphyseal cartilage

50
Q

what is the most important secondary mandibular cartilage?

A

condylar cartilage

51
Q

when does condylar cartilage appear?

A

weeks 10-12

52
Q

where is condylar cartilage located?

A

majority of the mandible

53
Q

which secondary mandibular cartilage is quickly turned into bone? what type of ossification?

A

condylar cartilage

endochondral ossification

54
Q

when does condylar cartilage dissappear?

A

20yrs of age

55
Q

when does coronoid cartilage appear?

A

14-16 weeks

56
Q

when does coronoid cartilage dissapear?

A

before birth

57
Q

where does symphyseal cartilage appear?

A

in the connective tissue between the two ends of Meckel’s cartilage

58
Q

when does synphyseal cartilage appear?

A

week 16

59
Q

when does symphyseal cartilage dissapear?

A

1st year after birth

60
Q

what is osteogenesis?

A

process of laying down new bone material by osteoblasts

61
Q

how does osteogenesis work in a developing foetus?

A

Osteoclasts absorb cartilage as ossification occurs in developing foetus

62
Q

name this secondary mandibular cartilage

A

coronoid cartilage

63
Q
A

condylar cartilage

64
Q
A

symphyseal cartilage

65
Q

formation of the mandible, understand

A

4 Craniofacial biology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions