Schistosomiasis Flashcards
(14 cards)
Species causing schistosomiasis and the system they affect x3
Mansoni- GIT
Japonicum- GIT
Hematobium- GU
Factors affecting disease severity x4
Genetic predisposition
Age at pprimary infection
Intensity of ongoing infection
Immunity against previous infections
Common sites of embolization of eggs x5
Brain
Lungs
Liver
Spleen
Spine
Infectious part of the worm
Cercariae
How do worms evade attack by immune system
They take up host proteins and express their antigens on their surface hence body recognises them as self
Pathophysiology of schistosomiasis
Contact with contaminated water results in entry of the parasite into the body
- worms evade immune attack by expressing host surface antigens
- produces egggs that migrate through tissues causing entrapment inflammation and fibrosis
- eggs carried via splanchnic vnous system and embolize various organs resulting in symptoms
- they induce Th2 immune response > eosinophillic granulomatous reactions
Effect of schisto eggs in the blaader x3
Granulomatous inflammation
Ulcerations
Pseudopolyps
Clinical manifestations of aacute infection x2
Swimmers itch- pruritic papular or urticarial rash
Acute schistosomiasis syndrome- systemmic hypersensitivity to circulating antigens and immune complexes
Clinical manifestations of acute infection of schistosomiasis x5
Fever
Urticaria
Myalgia, cough
Angioedema
Hepatosplenomegaly
Manifestations of chronic schistosomiasis infection x5
Intestinal
Hepatosplenic
Genitourinary
Glomerular disease
Neuroschistosomiasis
Characteristics of Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in children x3
Non fibrotic granulomatous inflammation
- in presinusoidal periportal spaces of liver
- heatosplenomegaly
Characteristics of Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in adults x7
Collagen deposition in peripportal spaces of liver
Portal vein occlusion
Portal HTN
Splenomegaly
GIT varices
Portocaval shunting
Impaired hepatocellular function
Cardiac complications of schistosomiasis x2
Hypertension
Cor pulmonale
Chronic manifestations of urogenital schistosomiasis x5
UTIs
Renal failure
Bladder CA
Hydronephrosis
Bladder fibrosis and calcification
