D3.2 #2

Question 1

suggest a reason why the genome size of a
species does not always seem to correlate with the chromosome number.

Answer 1

cause chromosomes can vary on lenght and some are longer than others

Question 2

Compare and contrast the X and Y chromosome.

Answer 2

sex chromosomes

x is biggee than y so it has more genes

x centromete is located more centrally

x chromosome genes info infmation for f + m, y is only for m

males and females have an x while males only have a y

Question 3

sickle cell anaemia as an example.

Answer 3

when aleles cause red blood cells to adopt sickle shape when o2 avaliablity is low.

leads to crampng pains in fingers+toes and fatigue

caused by failty beta-globin gene needed for production of haemoglobin in rbc

Question 4

steps for ful genetic cross

Answer 4

parental phenotype
parental genotype
gametes
cross
f1 genotype ratio
f1 phenotype ratio

Question 5

incomplete dominance

Answer 5

where heterozygous individials hae an intermediate phenotype

red+white=pin

Question 6

co-dominance

Answer 6

where heterozygous individuals have a specific dual phenotype, both alleles are expresses and one isnt domiant over the other

AB blood

Question 7

when do we use superscript codes

Answer 7

for co and incomplete dominance

Question 8

of A B AND O what are dominant/recessive

Answer 8

A B are dominant
O is recessive

Question 9

where are sex linked genes

Answer 9

on the non homologous (not the same as the y) part of the x chromosome

Question 10

example of sex linked condition

Answer 10

haemophillia, cant clot and bleed easily

father cant be a carrier
mother can pass to son even if she is only a carrier

father cant pass to son cause it is on the x, passes to daughter

Question 11

Autosome

Answer 11

all chromosome (1-22) excluding sex

Question 12

dihybrid are

Answer 12

two diffrent traits that are examinened

Question 13

linked

unlikned genetic cross

Answer 13

same chromosome (from corssing over) and tend to be inherited together

not linked genes diff chromosomes unlinked genes,
segregating independently according to Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment,

Question 14

UNLINKED
hetero x hetero
phenotypic ratio
genotypic ratio

Answer 14

9:3:3:1
dont need

Question 15

UNLINKED
hetero x homo rec
phenotypic ratio
genotypic ratio

Answer 15

1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1

Question 16

UNLINKED
hetero x homo dom
phenotypic ratio
genotypic ratio

Answer 16

all dominant
1.1.1.1.1

Question 17

UNLINKED
homo dom x homo recess
phenotypic ratio
genotypic ratio

Answer 17

all dominant
all heretozygour q

Question 18

recessive autosomal cojdition

Answer 18

condition found on autosome where an individual will only have dissorder if they have 2 of the genes

Question 19

continious

Answer 19

controlled by many genes
polygenetic
impacted by evroment
range

Question 20

discontinous

Answer 20

controlled by 1 or 2 genes
not impacted by enviroment
fits in specific catorgories

Question 21

if X^2 value = less than critical value,

Answer 21

doesnt show correlation

Question 22

if the p value is less than 0.05

Answer 22

good, shows low probalilty results are due to change