DAY-01

Question 1

** organism

Answer 1

[명] 유기체, 생물체 (=creature)

> a biological organism
the survival of every living organism

organic
[형] 유기체[생물]에서 나온, 유기의

※ cell(세포) - tissue(조직) - organ(장기) - organism(유기체)

Question 2

** ecology

Answer 2

[명] 생태학, 생태(계)

> environmental ecology
the entire ecology of the nation

ecologist
[명] 생태학자

ecological
[형] 생태학[계]의

※ eco-는 ‘환경’, ‘생태’와 관련
eco-tourism: 생태관광
eco-friendly: 친환경적인, 환경친화적인
eco-conscious: 환경(보호)의식이 강한

Question 3

coexist

Answer 3

[동] 공존하다, (동시에) 같은 곳에 있다

> coexist harmoniously
Grasses and trees coexist.

coexistence
[명] 공존

Question 4

• competitor

Answer 4

[명] 경쟁자(=rival), (시합)참가자(=contestant, participant)

> the inferior competitor
200 competitors entered the race.

compete
[동] 경쟁하다

competitive
[형] 경쟁적인, 경쟁력이 있는

competition
[명] 경쟁, 시합

※ 구분
competent: 유능한
competitive: 경쟁적인
compatible: 호환되는, 양립할 수 있는

Question 5

** dominate

Answer 5

[동] 우세하다(=predominate), 지배하다(=control, rule, govern), 특징이 되다(=characterize)

> Trees dominate in forests and grasses dominate in grass land.
dominate the canvas

dominance
[명] 우세 지배

dominant
[형] 우세한. 지배적인

Question 6

*** virtuous

Answer 6

[형] 1. 고결한(=honorable) / 2. 도덕적인(=ethical, moral) [반] vicious (사악한)

> live an entirely virtuous life
a wise and virtuous husband

virtue
[명] 미덕, 덕목

Question 7

** enlightened

Answer 7

[형] 계몽된, 문명화된(=civilized)

> an enlightened people
grow from a primitive to an enlightened condition

enlighten
[동] 계용시키다, 이해시키다

enlightenment
[명] 계몽, 개화, 깨우침

Question 8

*** integrity

Answer 8

[명] 1. 진실성 (=honesty) / 2. 온전함(=unity)

> moral integrity
personal and professional integrity

Question 9

** contemporary

Answer 9

[명] 동시대인, 동년배(=peer, fellow)
[형] 동시대의, 현대의(=modern, recent)

> Pascal was a contemporary and rival of Rene Descartes.
a setting that was contemporary

※ con(=together) + tempor(=time) + ary(접미사) = ‘함께 시간을 보낸 (사람)’ = 동시대인, 동시대의

Question 10

• reformer

Answer 10

[명] 개혁가

> combine the role of sociologist with that of social reformer
reformers such as Martin Luther Martin Luther

reform
[명] 개혁, 개선
[동] 개혁하다, 개선하다

Question 11

• crop

Answer 11

[명] 1. 작물 / 2. 수확(량)(=harvest)
[동] 경작하다, 소출을 내다(=yield)

> a continuous crop of fruits
The onions cropped well this year.

Question 12

• supply

Answer 12

[명] 1. 공급(량) / 2. <보통> 필수품
[동] 공급하다, 제공하다</보통>

> supply and demand
a washing machine supplied to us

supplier
[명] 공급자

※ supply A with B = supply B for A: A에게 B를 제공하다

Question 13

• harvest

Answer 13

[명] 수확(=reaping), 수확물(량)(=crop)
[동] 수확[추수]하다(=gather), 채취하다(=pick)

> the time of harvest
the most suitable time to harvest corn

Question 14

** abundant

Answer 14

[형] 풍부한(=plentiful) [반] insufficient(충분하지 않은)

> an abundant water supply
Examples in recent history are abundant.

abundance
[명] 풍부 [반] shortage

abound
[동] 풍부하다

Question 15

• private

Answer 15

[형] 1. 사설의 [반] public(공공의) / 2. 개인의 / 3. 은밀한 [반] open(개방된)

> private capital
a private spot

privacy
[명] 사생활 (보호)

Question 16

** extension

Answer 16

[명] 1. 확장(=expansion), 확대 (=enlargement) / 2. (기간, 크기의) 연장, 뻗기

> an extension of your mind
body extension

extend
[동] 확장하다，확대하다, 베풀다

extensive
[형] 광범위한, 대규모의

Question 17

** patent

Answer 17

[명] 특허(증)
[형] 특허의, 명백한(=obvious, apparent)

> the modern patent system
a patent lie

Question 18

• variety

Answer 18

[명] 다양성(=diversity), 여러 가지, 변종

> a variety of foods
pet food from among the hundreds of varieties

vary
[동] 다양하다, 다르다

various
[형] 다양한, 여러 가지의

variation
[명] 변화, 변형

Question 19

** property

Answer 19

[명] 1. 재산, 소유물(=possessions) / 2. 부동산 / 3. <주로> 속성</주로>

> involve public property
an internal property

※ property는 보통 ‘소유물, 부동산’이라는 뜻이지만, ‘건물’이나 ‘땅’이라는 의미로 확장되기도 함
ex) school property

Question 20

** democracy

Answer 20

[명] 민주주의, 민주국가

> the instability of American democracy
Democracies can be and typically are distinguished.

democratic
[형] 민주주의의, 민주적인

Question 21

• sphere

Answer 21

[명] 1. 영역(=scope) / 2. 구(=globe) / 3. (지구를 둘러싸고 있는) 층[권]

> every sphere of human activity
all spheres rotating on an axis

Question 22

** supremacy

Answer 22

[명] 1. 우위 (=dominance) [반] inferiority(열등) / 2. 최고위

> the battle for supremacy
white supremacy

supreme
[형] 최고의

Question 23

** rhetorical

Answer 23

[형] 수사적인, 과장된, 미사여구의

> rhetorical vagueness and metaphor
show great rhetorical skill

rhetoric
[명] 수사법, 미사여구

Question 24

** phenomenon

Answer 24

[명] 1. 현상 / 2. 경이(적인 것[사람]) (=wonder) / 3. 천재(=prodigy)

> humor as an emotional phenomenon
the most wonderful phenomenon in music history

pl. phenomena

phenomenal
[형] 경이적인

※ phenomenon과 같은 불규칙 복수형 단어들
crisis - crises
stimulus - stimuli
datum - data

Question 25

** prompt

Answer 25

[동] 유발하다(=trigger, elicit)
[형] 즉각적인(=immediate), 신속한(=quick)

> prompt small communities to adopt harsh social norms
a prompt reply

promptness
[명] 신속, 재빠롬

Question 26

** construction

Answer 26

[명] 1. 구축, 구조(물)(=structure) / 2. 구성 요소(=composition) / 3. 건축(=building)

> the construction of these cartographic elements
the musical construction

construct
[동] 만들다, 건설하다

constructive
[형] 건설적인

※ -struct로 끝나는 단어들은 ‘결합’이나 ‘구성’이라는 의미와 연결
instruct (‘안에 쌓다’라는 의미로) 가르치다
destruct (‘구성을 깨다’라는 의미로) 파괴하다
obstruct (‘앞에 쌓다’라는 의미로) 막다, 방해하다

Question 27

** intuition

Answer 27

[명] 직관(력), 직감(=instinct, gut feeling)

> effects of intuition on scientific discoveries
freedom to follow your intuition

intuitive
[형] 직감[직관]에 의한

Question 28

** relevance

Answer 28

[명] 1. 적절성 / 2. 관련성 [반] irrelevance(무관함)

> relevance to business outcomes
have relevance to something

relevant
[형] 적절한, 관련 있는

Question 29

• struggle

Answer 29

[명] 1. 노력(=effort) / 2. 투쟁, 분투
[동] 1. 노력하다(=strive) / 2. 고투하다, 싸우다(=battle, fight)

> explain her struggles and feelings
people who struggle in retirement

struggling
[형] 분투하는

※
struggle for <+ 명사>: …을 위해 싸우다, 애쓰다

struggle with/against <+ 명사>: …와(…에 맞서) 싸우다, …로 고심하다

Question 30

*** outright

Answer 30

[형] 1. 완전한(=thorough, sheer) / 2. 전면적인
[부] 1. 전면적으로 / 2. 완전히(=absolutely, utterly, thoroughly) / 3. 노골적으로

> an outright victory
reject outright any negotiations

Question 31

*** paramount

Answer 31

[형] 1. 중요한(=important, significant) / 2. 최고의 (=chief, supreme)

> Child protection is paramount.
Russia’s paramount leader

※ para(위의) + mount(산)가 합쳐진 단어로 ‘산보다 높은’이라는 뜻에서 유래하여 ‘최고의, 중요한’이라는 뜻을 가짐

Question 32

** prohibit

Answer 32

[동] 1. 금하다(=forbid) [반] permit(허락하다) / 2. …하지 못하게 하다(=restrict, prevent, inhibit)

> need to be restricted or prohibited
They prohibit us from driving over the speed limit.

prohibition
[명] 금지

Question 33

*** undermine

Answer 33

[동] 1. 약화시키다 [반] reinforce, strengthen(강화하다) / 2. 훼손시키다

> undermine everything around us
ethical questions that undermine the importance of human life

※ undermine은 ‘밑을 파다’ –> 기반이 약해지다 –> (기반을) 약화시키다

Question 34

*** inhibit

Answer 34

[동] 1. 억제[저해]하다(=hinder, restrain) / 2. …하지 못하게 하다(=prevent, prohibit)

> Inhibit other uses
inhibit rational judgment

inhibition
[명] 억제, 방해

※ exhibit: 전시하다

Question 35

** integral

Answer 35

[형] 1. 필수적인(=essential) / 2. 내장된, 일체화된 / 3. <수학> 적분의</수학>

> an integral part of society
a flat-screen TV with integral DVD-player DVD

Question 36

*** uphold

Answer 36

[동] 1. 유지하다(=maintain) / 2. 옹호하다(=advocate, support)

> You have to uphold it.
uphold the county court’s decision

Question 37

** precise

Answer 37

[형] 1. 정확한(=exact, accurate) [반] imprecise(부정확한) / 2. 꼼꼼한(=meticulous)

> give a precise number
very precise and clever

precision
[명] 정확, 신중

precisely
[부] 정확하게

※ with precision: 정확하게

Question 38

** ensure

Answer 38

[동] 1. 확실하게 하다(=secure, make certain) / 2. 보장하다(=guarantee)

> ensure more lasting success
ensure children’s safety

※ 철자는 비슷하지만 다른 뜻의 단어
insure: 보험에 들다
assure: 장담하다, 확인하다
reassure: 안심시키다