DAY-18

Question 1

** sneak

Answer 1

[동] 살금살금 가다(=slip), 몰래 …을 하다

> She sneaked up the stairs.
sneak a smoke

Question 2

** host

Answer 2

[명] 숙주, 주인, 주최국
[동] (행사. 파티를) 주최하다[열다]

> force their host to attack other potential hosts
host a late-night concert of improvised jazz

Question 3

*** pollen

Answer 3

[명] 꽃가루

> collect nectar and pollen
She is allergic to the pollen.

Question 4

*** antidote

Answer 4

[명] 해독제, 해결책(=solution)

> a natural antidote
a fairly popular antidote to depression

※ anti(대항하여) + dote(주다)가 합쳐진 단어로, 몸에 들어온 독에 대항한다는 의미에서 ‘해독제’라는 뜻을 가지게 됨. 이와 철자가 유사한 anecdote(일화, 이야기)와 혼동하지 않도록 할 것.

Question 5

** activate

Answer 5

[동] 활성화하다(=spark), 활성화되다, 작동시키다

> activate people’s needs for uniqueness
activate the ecosystem’s self-repair function

activation
[명] 활성화

Question 6

• gene

Answer 6

[명] 유전자

> a gene that made old bodies develop cancer
a defective gene you inherited

genetic
[형] 유전의, 유전학의

Question 7

** infection

Answer 7

[명] 감염, 전염병

> Antibiotics can be effective for treating bacterial infections.
transmission of an infection

infectious
[형] 전염되는, 전염성의

Question 8

*** inflammation

Answer 8

[명] 염증

> chronic inflammation
Inflammation is the life-saving component of your immune system.

inflammatory
[형] 염증성의, 선동적인

※ 우리 몸에 염증이 생기면 열이 남. 실제로 inflammation은 flame(열)이란 단어에서 유래

Question 9

** shrink

Answer 9

[동] 1. 줄이다, 줄다(=contract) / 2. 오그라들다 [반] expand, swell(팽창하다)

> The difference will shrink.
During droughts, the root shrinks.

Question 10

• worsen

Answer 10

[동] 악화되다, 악화시키다(=deteriorate)

> worsen your skin condition
worsen conflicts with others

Question 11

** generation

Answer 11

[명] 세대, 발생, 생성(=production)

> the next generation
Food spoils as a result of the spontaneous generation of life.

generate
[동] 발생시키다, 만들어 내다

Question 12

• topsoil

Answer 12

[명] 표토 [반] subsoil(하층토)

> the accumulation of topsoil
Growing crops on steep mountain slopes leads to loss of topsoil.

Question 13

• solid

Answer 13

[형] 단단한(=firm), 튼튼한, 고체의
[명] 고체

> stick together as a solid wall
solid waste disposal 고체 쓰레기 처리

solidity
[명] 견고함, 탄탄함, 확실함

Question 14

** formation

Answer 14

[명] 생성, 형성, 대형(=arrangement)

> the formation of individual fibers
The causes of glacier re-formation would not include quakes.

form
[동] 형성하다
[명] 종류, 유형, 형태

Question 15

*** erosion

Answer 15

[명] 1. 부식, 침식 / 2. 약화 [반] buildup(강화)

> Soil erosion is not new.
It dries soil out and causes chronic erosion.

erode
[동] 침식시키다, 약화시키다

cf. wind erosion: 풍식작용(바람에 의한 침식작용)
soil erosion: 토양침식(비, 바람에 의한 침식으로 토양이 떠내려가거나 없어지는 일)

Question 16

** agriculture

Answer 16

[명] 농업

> agriculture and forestry
rural societies based on agriculture

agricultural
[형] 농업의, 농사의

Question 17

** habitat

Answer 17

[명] 서식지

> their native desert habitat
habitat within the ecosystem

Question 18

** exceed

Answer 18

[동] 초과하다(=go beyond), 넘다, 능가하다(=surpass)

> exceed an ecosystem’s ability to provide it
The Philadelphia Flyers exceeded all other teams.

excessive
[형] 지나친, 과도한

Question 19

*** malnutrition

Answer 19

[명] 영양실조

> fight child malnutrition
malnutrition and dust-related diseases

※ mal(나쁜) + nutrition(영양)이 합쳐진 단어로, 나쁜 영양상태라는 의미에서 ‘영양실조’라는 뜻

cf. mal로 시작하는 또 다른 단어들
malfunction: 기능고장, 오작동
malice: 앙심, 악의
malevolent: 악의가 있는, 부정한

Question 20

*** compromise

Answer 20

[동] 위태롭게 하다, 타협하다(=meet halfway)
[명] 타협, 절충안

> compromise personal and professional integrity
a compromise with his father

Question 21

• sow

Answer 21

[동] 파종하다, (씨앗을) 뿌리다, 심다(=plant)

> cultivation, sowing, weed control, and harvest
the best time for sowing the seeds of success

※ sow / sew / saw
셋 다 발음은 비슷하지만 뜻은 다름
sew: 바느질하다
saw: 톱; 톱질하다

Question 22

** sprout

Answer 22

[동] 발아하다, 꽃[싹]이 나다(=bud), 생기다
[명] 싹, 눈

> Clusters of red flowers sprout from the stem tips.
These coffeehouses sprouted all over London.

Question 23

** seedling

Answer 23

[명] 모종, 묘목

> each seedling they grew
pine seedlings grown in pots of soil

Question 24

*** sanction

Answer 24

[명] 제재(=ban, embargo), 허용, 승인(=authorization)
[동] 제재하다, 허가하다

> sanctions against the country
receive sanction to proceed with our plans

Question 25

• vital

Answer 25

[형] 매우 중요한(=critical), 필수적인(=essential), 활력이 넘치는

> vital support in emergencies
vital to our children’s intellectual development

vitality
[명] 활력

Question 26

** misbehavior

Answer 26

[명] 부정 행위, 나쁜 행실, 비행(=misconduct, misdeed)

> make the child’s present misbehavior a central part the story
prevent misbehavior by children

※ 접두어 mis는 ‘잘못된, 나쁜, 부족한’이라는 부정적 의미

cf. mis로 시작하는 또 다른 단어들
misadventure: 불운, 재난
mischance: 불운, 재앙
mischief: 나쁜 짓, 장난
misconception: 오해
misconstrue: 오해하다

Question 27

** recovery

Answer 27

[명] 회복(=healing), 되찾음(=retrieval)

> the recovery of appetite
show a recovery following 2009’s decline

Question 28

** pillar

Answer 28

[명] (핵심적인) 부분, 중심이 되는 것, 기둥(=column), 받침
[동] 기둥으로 떠받치다

> the person at the center of each pillar
if you stand behind a tree trunk or a round pillar on a windy day

Question 29

• quake

Answer 29

[명] 지진(=earthquake)
[동] 몸을 떨다(=quiver), 흔들리다

> the 5.8-magnitude quake
The ground quaked as they walked on it.

Question 30

** glacier

Answer 30

[명] 빙하

> the melting glacier
ice caps and glaciers

Question 31

** wilderness

Answer 31

[명] 황무지, 손대지 않은 자연

> the Alaskan wilderness
the opposite of wilderness

wild
[형] 야생의, 자연 그대로의

Question 32

** slosh

Answer 32

[동] 철벅철벅 튀다, 철벅거리다(=splash)

> slosh coffee into the mugs
I heard the water slosh around in my gut.

Question 33

** fictionalize

Answer 33

[동] 허구화하다, 소설화하다

> a fictionalized account of his life
a fictionalized autobiography

Question 34

• regard

Answer 34

[동] 여기다(=consider)
[명] 관련 사항, 주의, 고려(=account), 존경

> Philosophers regarded memory as a soft wax tablet.
a popular notion with regard to creativity

※ in [with] regard to: …에 관하여
have regard to: …을 고려하다
without [with no] regard to [for]: …을 고려하지 않고, …을 무시하고

Question 35

*** abstraction

Answer 35

[명] 추상적 개념, 관념(=conception), 추출

> the abstraction of numbers
regard the natural world as mere abstraction

abstract
[형] 추상적인
[명] 추상화, 개요
[동] 추출하다

Question 36

** larva
pl. larvae

Answer 36

[명] 유충, 애벌레

> waste products, eggs, larvae, and adult life-forms
eggs and larvae to secure future generations

Question 37

** groom

Answer 37

[동] 훈련하다, 몸단장을 하다, 다듬다
[명] 마부, 신랑

> be groomed for more senior roles
baby rats which have received a lot of licking and grooming

Question 38

*** doom

Answer 38

[동] …을 운명 짓다, …할 운명이다
[명] (나쁜) 운명, 죽음, 판결

> The astronauts were doomed to die.
They hastened their own doom.