Development of Play

Question 1

Stages of Play (Descriptive), a three y/o is

Answer 1

• highly imaginative and interested in dramatic play.
• More interested in the results.

Question 2

Stages of Play (Descriptive), a two year old, because of the two year old’s need
to assert their independence they may seem

Answer 2

• stubborn, rigid, negative.
• Language is developing and they love being read to
• Interested in sensory exploration and materials such as finger paint, play or sand
• Play is more important than creating a product

Question 3

True or false:

In a two y/o, play play is more important than creating a product

Answer 3

true

Question 4

True or false:

Developmental changes seen in play DOES NOTreflect the increasing social maturity of the child

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Parten’s stages of social play:

Answer 5

1. Unoccupied Behavior: Infancy
2. Solitary Play: Toddlerhood
3. Onlooker Play: Early Preschool
4. Parallel Play: Middle preschool
5. Associative Play: Middle to late preschool
6. Cooperative Play: Late Preschool

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Question 6

Dominant activity is the simple exercise of reflexes, no real play.

Answer 6

Birth to 1 month

Question 7

First signs of play begins with infant repeating sounds or body movements for pleasure
(sensation):

Answer 7

1-4 Months

Question 8

Child repeats activities that have a pleasing effect on the senses or the environment i.e. crumpling paper, shaking rattles, banging objects together

Answer 8

4-8 Months

Question 9

Beginning of intentional goal directed behavior, object permanence developing, repetition of activities

Answer 9

8 -12 mo

Question 10

Rather than repeating the child intentionally varies actions to make them more
exciting. Uses objects appropriately ie stacking block rather than banging or mouthing

Answer 10

12 - 18 mo

Question 11

Symbolism emerges. Sensorimotor play gradually being replaced with symbolic play. Appropriate use of toys

Answer 11

12 - 24 mo

Question 12

Stages of play (Descriptive). Four year old:

Answer 12

• Are more self-confident and secure
• Have greater success with fine and gross motor skills
• More aware of gender roles than 3 year olds

Question 13

Stages of Play (Descriptive). 5 year olds:

Answer 13

• Beginning to show signs of logical thinking (concrete operations per Piaget)
• See the world as rational and orderly
• They are more stable and are usually eager to please
• Better able to distinguish reality from fantasy

Question 14

Through play the child’s world gradually expands from being concrete with self centered activities to _________ with concept centered activities.

Answer 14

abstract

• Play allows children to develop balance between reality and fantasy.
• Fantasy play or pretend play strengthen symbolic or representational thinking

Question 15

Representational or Fantasy Play moves through four stages during preschool years:

Answer 15

1. Reality Play: an object is used for its intended purpose
2. Object Fantasy: entirely new identity is attributed to the object
3. Person Fantasy: People qualities are actively represented
4. Announced Fantasy: The theme is announced before acting out

Question 16

Socially isolated children who may not receive reinforcement for spontaneous play may need to be _______ how to play with others

Answer 16

taught

Question 17

(Play development) Hurlock suggests that:

Answer 17

• when the end is more important than the means the activity is more like work. When means more important than the end the activity is more like play
• Often can determine by the expressions on a child’s face if an activity is work or play

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Question 18

Sequential neurodevelopment of play:

Answer 18

1. Brainstem: stablish state regulation; peck-a-boo, test play, tactile play
2. Midbrain: Incorporate somatosesnory integration; large motor, fine motor, music
3. Limbic: facilitate socio-emotional: temas, win-lose, turns, sharing.
4. Cortex: encourage abstract thought; humor, language, arts, games.

Question 19

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, brainstem stage:

Answer 19

• Stablish state regulation:
  
  • Peek-a-boo
  • taste play
  • tactile play

(stage 1)

Question 20

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, midbrain stage:

Answer 20

• Incorporate somatosensory:
  
  • ​Large motor
  • Fine motor
  • music

(stage 2)

Question 21

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, limbic stage:

Answer 21

• Facilitate socio-emotional (children crave structure)
  
  • Teams
  • Win-loose
  • Turns
  • Sharing

(Stage 3)

Question 22

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, cortex stage:

Answer 22

• Encourage abstract thought:
  
  • Humor
  • Arts
  • Language
  • Games

Question 23

In what type of play children use dolls or figurines & toys used to
represent people, animals, things ?

Answer 23

pretend or symbolic

Question 24

What type of play Involves building and constructing
things, drawing and puzzles

Answer 24

Constructive

Question 25

What **type of play** involves active movement, and may or may not involve other children? jumping, running, swinging, sliding

Answer 25

Rough and Tumble

Question 26

Functions of Play:

Answer 26

* **Biophysical Development:** fine and gross motor skills; children move for the pure joy of moving; repetition; Practice → Skill→ Natural Repertoire → Goal achievement * **Enculturation**: practice roles related to their cultural backgrounds. * **Enhance cognitive development:** Piaget believed that play is essential to cognitive development.Fantasy play or pretend play strengthen symbolic or representational thinking * **Learning Adult Roles:** children learn to adapt to the realities of life roles via play * **Affective Development:** correlations, trust, self-control and control over frustration, impulse control, diligence; * **Social Development:** Through play the child learns to distinguish self from others

Question 27

**Erikson** suggests that children need to learn _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ via play in the childhood years to develop the self-confidence needed to succeed in adolescence and adulthood

Answer 27

appropriate behaviors

Question 28

Behavior Disorders during play:

Answer 28

* **Withdrawal**- limits opportunities for play * **Aggressiveness**- limits invitations to play, destroy materials * **Fearful** of new activities, specific materials or textures ​