DLISC1 - week 6 Flashcards
(17 cards)
what is environmental chemistry?
the study of chemical processes that occur in living environments, the effects of human activity on the environment
what is a carbon footprint?
the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with all the activities of a person of other entity
what is the tradegy of the commons
a problem in which every individual has an incentive to consume a resource but at the expense of every other individual
what are greenhouse gases
a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infarred radiation
what is a fossil fuel
a hydrocarbon-containing material formed underground as a reuslt of geologic processes acting on the remains of organic matter produced by photosynthesis in plants and decomposition of animals
what is green chemistry
is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances
basic chemistry
explain matter
matter is used to describe objects that occupy space and have a discernible mass
matter exists in threee major states: solids, liquids and gases
basic chemistry
explain solids
have atoms arranged in fixed positions with definite shape and volume
basic chemistry
explain liquids
have constant volume but do not take a definite shape. they assume the shape of their container
basic chemistry
explain gases
do not have definite shapae or volume
gases contain the highest amount of kinetic energy
freely moving
basic chemistry
explain atoms
a basic building block of chemistry
- aotms can be any substance in the universe that has mass (weight) and occupies space, defined as matter
explain the atomic composition
protons: positively charged particles, location: nucleus
Neutron: neutral particles, location: nucleus
Electron: negatively charged particles, location: occupy space around nucleus (orbital)
what is the atomic number?
the number of protons contained in the nucleus = number of p+
what is the atomic mass?
determined by the presence of protons and neurons. electorns have negligible mass = nomber of p+ + number of n
what are ions?
atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons are called ions, and have an overall charge
- atoms that loos electrons are called cations, positively charged ions
- atoms that gain electrons are called anions, negatively charged ions
what are isotopes
forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties.
