DLISC1 - week 7 Flashcards
(14 cards)
what are the 4 types of chemical bonds
metallic bond: positive metal ions attract conducting electrons
ionic bonds: metal atom loses electorns to non-metal atom
covalent bonds: two nonmetal atoms share electrons
hydrogen bond: hydrogen attacks an electronegative aome electrostatically
what are covalent bonds?
involves the sharing of valence electrons between two non-metals
the strength of the bond is determined by the number of electrons that are shared
what are polar covalent bonds?
Polar covalent bonds exist when electrons are unequally shared between atoms
The unequal sharing of electrons is due to the differences in the electronegativities of the two atoms sharing the electrons
what are non-polar covalent bonds?
Is a chemical bond that is formed when electrons are shared equally between two atoms
The number of electrons shared by the adjacent atoms will be the same
what are metallic bonds?
a force that holds atoms together by the sharing of electrons between metal atoms
what is hydrogen bonding?
An attraction between a hydrogen atom and a small electronegative atom
Occurs when hydrogen is bonded to nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
what are chemical reactions?
A process that involves rearrangement of the molecular structure of a substance
A chemical reaction, is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.
what are the 5 types of chemical reactions?
Combination or synthesis reaction
Decomposition reaction
Single-replacement reaction
Double-replacement reaction
Combustion reaction
describe combination or synthesis reactions
A combination reaction (also known as synthesis reaction) is a reaction in which two reactants combine to from one product
describe decomposition reactions
Occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products
Carbonic acid in soft drinks decomposes to give carbon dioxide gas
describe single replacement reactions
A reaction in which one element is substituted form another element in a compound
describe double replacemetn reactions
Occur when two parts of two ionic compounds are exchanged, making two new compounds.
desscribe combustion reactions
A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
what is a catalyst?
Is a substance that increases the rate of reaction without itself being consumed.
Enzymes are naturally occurring catalysts responsible for many essential biochemical reactions.
