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Bacteriology > E2 Gram Positive Bacilli > Flashcards

E2 Gram Positive Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

What is unique about gram positive bacilli?

A

Form spores!

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2
Q

What environmental conditions favor Bacillus anthracis?

A

High nitrogen areas

Periodic flooding

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3
Q

What is unique about visualizing the cultures of Bacillus anthracis?

A

Basically non-hemolytic

Colonies have irregular edges

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4
Q

Does Bacillus anthracis for spores in the presence of oxygen? What does this mean for veterinarians?

A

Yes.

Do NOT open carcasses

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5
Q

How long can Bacillus anthracis spores survive?

A

More than 100 years!

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6
Q

What types of animals are most susceptible to anthrax and which are most resistant?

A

Herbivores are most susceptible
Carnivores are resistant
Humans are moderately susceptible

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7
Q

What is the most common route of Bacillus anthracis infection in ruminants?

A

Ingestion or inhalation

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8
Q

Why is anthrax so deadly?

A

Produces several toxins

  1. Protective antigen
  2. Edema factor
  3. Lethal toxin
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9
Q

What is the disease name for cutaneous Bacillus anthracis infection?

A

Wool sorter’s disease

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10
Q

What is the cause of death in animals with Bacillus anthracis infections?

A

Toxins induce vascular collapse

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11
Q

What is positive about Bacillus anthracis infections?

A

It is easy to treat with antibiotics

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12
Q

What is unique about carcasses infected with Bacillus anthracis?

A

No rigor mortis

Blood does not clot

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13
Q

Is there a vaccine for Bacillus anthracis?

A

Yes

but only 6 months protection

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14
Q

Can you get a Bacillus anthracis infection from eating meat from an infected animal?

A

Yes!

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15
Q

What is the usual disease caused by Bacillus cereus?

A

Food poisoning

Esp sugar beet pulp in pigs

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16
Q

Can healthy animals carry Listeria monocytogenes bacteria?

A

Yes

17
Q

What is unique about Listeria monocytogenes bacteria?

A

Do NOT form spores

18
Q

What type of disease does Listeria monocytogenes cause?

A

Food poisoning

19
Q

What cells does Listeria monocytogenes infect?

A

Macrophages

Hepatocytes

20
Q

What are some severe outcomes of Listeria monocytogenes infection?

A

CNS infection

Abortions

21
Q

What is the major source for Human exposure to Listeria monocytogenes?

A

Turkeys

liver necrosis

22
Q

What are the two types of Listeria monocytogenes infection?

A
  1. Visceral form = injection or inhalation

2. Neural form = conjunctive or trigeminal nerve

23
Q

What disease does the neural form of Listeria monocytogenes cause?

A

“Circling disease”

Cattle & sheep

24
Q

What is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A

Affects turkeys & pigs

Present in 50% of normal pigs

25
Q

What disease does Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae cause?

A

“Diamond skin disease” in pigs
“Blue comb” in Turkeys
Can be ZOONOTIC but localized

26
Q

Is there a vaccine for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A

Yes for pigs

27
Q

What is Rhodococcus equi?

A

Commensal of tonsils of grazing animals
Cause of fatal suppurative bronchopneumonia in foals
Very antibiotic resistant

28
Q

How is Rhodococcus equi diagnosed?

A

See bacteria in tracheal wash

29
Q

What is Corynebacterium?

A

Common skin commensal

Sheep & goats

30
Q

What is Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

A

Causes caseous lymphadenitis = sheep & goats
Ulcerative lymphangitis = cattle & horses
“Contagious acne”

31
Q

What is a common clinical sign of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection?

A

Abscess with ODORLESS exudate!

Slow to develop

32
Q

What diseases are caused by C. renale, C. cystitis, C. pilosum?

A

Causes pyelonephritis & cystitis
Cattle
Bacteria in urine

33
Q

What is the cause of “Pizzle rot” in sheep & goats?

A

Corynebacterium renale

Risk in high protein diet

Bacteriology (13 decks)

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