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anat 316 > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What structures does the external ear contain?

A

The auricle and the external acoustic meatus

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2
Q

what does the auricle contain?

A

cartilage

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3
Q

what does the auricle do?

A

captures waves and sounds

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4
Q

Where does the external acoustic meatus span from and to

A

spans from the auricle to the tympanic membrane

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5
Q

what is the lateral 2/3 of the external acoustic meatus made up of?

A

cartilage

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6
Q

what is the medial 1/3 of the external acoustic meatus made up of?

A

temporal bone

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7
Q

what is the purpose of the external acoustic meatus?

A

to direct sound waves into the ear

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8
Q

what does the external acoustic meatus contain?

A

ceriminous glands, and debris traping hairs

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9
Q

what is the purpose of the tympanic membrane

A

to vibrate in response to incoming sound waves AND to separate the external and middle ear

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10
Q

where does the external acoustic meatus end?

A

at the tympanic membrane

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the middle ear

A

collect and amplify sound waves and to transmit sound to internal ear

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12
Q

what structures does the middle ear contain?

A

auditory ossicles, the tympanic membrane, the eustachian tube,

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13
Q

where does eutahcian tube span from?

A

middle ear to the nasal sinus cavity

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14
Q

what is the purpose of the eustachian tube?

A

to balance pressure in middle ear, to drain fluid from middle ear, to protect the ear from hearing any sounds the body causes and nasal drainage

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15
Q

what bones are a part of the auditory ossicles?

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

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16
Q

what is the purpose of the auditory ossicles

A

to connect the tympanic membrane and internal ear

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17
Q

what are the muscles of the middle ear?

A

tensor tympani and the stapedius

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18
Q

what do the muscles of the middle ear do?

A

prevent excessive vibration of the bony ossicles

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19
Q

what presses against oval window?

A

the stapes pushes against oval window to transmit sound waves to internal ear

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20
Q

what does the round window do?

A

help sounds waves travel through the internal ear

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21
Q

internal ear

A

innermost compartment of the ear, encased in temporal bone, gives sensations of hearing and balance

22
Q

what is the internal ear composed of?

A

bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth

23
Q

what does the bony labyrinth make p?

A

the cochlea, the vestibule, and 3 semicircular canals

24
Q

what is the purpose of the cochlea

A

the cochlea serves as a sensory organ for hearing that sends information to the brain

25
Q

vestibule is composed of

A

utricle and saccule

26
Q

the vesitbule detects

A

head position, gravity, and linear acceleration

27
Q

the vestibule functions to

A

maintain stability and posture

28
Q

the semicircular canals function to

A

detects rotational motion is 3 different planes and maintain balance

29
Q

where are sensory hair cells located?

A

the cochlea

30
Q

what to sensory hair cells detect

A

motion

31
Q

what do sensory hair cells do

A

hearing and balance

32
Q

what is in the bony labyrinth of the internal ear

A

perilympth

33
Q

what is in the membranous labyrinth of the bony ear

A

endolympth

34
Q

how does sound transmission work in the ear?

A

sounds waves are transmitted through the external ear to the tympanic membrane, vibrations pass through the ossicles of the middle ear, the stapes pushes against the oval window causing waves in perilympth of the cochlea.
Next the waves of the perilympth push against the basilar membrane as they travel through the cochlea, Hair cells will then push against the tectorial membrane - when they bend a neural signal is transmitted. Lastly, impulses travel to the CNS via cochlear branch of CN 8

35
Q

the scala vestibuli is part of what structure

A

the cochlea

36
Q

the scala tympani is part of what stucture

A

the cochlea

37
Q

what is the cochlear duct called

A

the scala media

38
Q

what structure is the helicotrema a part of

A

the cochlea

39
Q

where is the organ of corti?

A

in the cochlea

40
Q

what in the middle ear is responsible for sound detection

A

hair cells

41
Q

in the vestubular apparatus - what does the vestibule do?

A

detects head position, gravity, and linear acceleration as well as maintains stability and posture

42
Q

in the vestibular apparatus what do semicircular canals do?

A

detects rotational movement and maintains balance

43
Q

what is dynamic equilibrium?

A

maintaing balance when head and body are moved suddenly

44
Q

what is static equilbrium

A

maintainuhng posture and stabiltiy when body is motionless

45
Q

what part of the ear is in charge of dynamic equilibrum

A

semicircular ducts

46
Q

what part of the ear is in charge of static equilibrium

A

saccule and utricle

47
Q

what is an ampulla?

A

swollen region containing sensory receptors

48
Q

what are cristae ampullaris

A

sensory hair cells clustered on ampulla

49
Q

what are the saccule and utricle of the vestibule?

A

membranous sacs filled with endolympth

50
Q

what detects horizontal acceleration?

A

utricle

51
Q

what detects vertical acceleration

A

saccule

anat 316 (22 decks)

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