orbit and eye

Question 1

what is the bony orbit?

Answer 1

bilateral, symmetrical cavities containing the eyeballs and associated structures

Question 2

what bones make up the superior bony orbit?

Answer 2

frontal bones

Question 3

what bones makes up the medial orbit?

Answer 3

ethmoid bone and the lacrimal bone

Question 4

what bones make up the deep orbit

Answer 4

sphenoid bone

Question 5

what bone makes up the lateral orbit

Answer 5

zygomatic bone

Question 6

what bone makes up the inferior bony orbit

Answer 6

maxilla

Question 7

what nerves go through the superior orbital fissure

Answer 7

oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, ophthalamic division of trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve

Question 8

what nerves go through the optic canal

Answer 8

optic nerve

Question 9

what nerves go through the inferior orbital fissure

Answer 9

none!

Question 10

what are the three lateral layers of the eye

Answer 10

outer fibrous layer, middle vascular layer, inner neural layer

Question 11

what is in the outer fibrous layer of the eye?

Answer 11

sclera and cornea

Question 12

what is in the middle vascular layer of the eye

Answer 12

iris, ciliary body, and choroid

Question 13

what is in the inner neural layer

Answer 13

retina

Question 14

what is the function of the cornea

Answer 14

to firstly retract the light entering the eye - directing light to the lens

Question 15

what is the function of the sclera

Answer 15

supportive outer layer, attachment site of extraocular muscles, lubricates eye

Question 16

what is the function of the limbus

Answer 16

transition zone btw the cornea and sclera

Question 17

what is the combo of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid called?

Answer 17

uvea

Question 18

what is the function of the iris

Answer 18

contains pupillary dilator and sphincter muscles to control pupil size

Question 19

what is the function of the ciliary body?

Answer 19

to produce aqueous humour that nourishes avascular cornea, contains ciliary muscles, and helps focus lens using zonular fibers and ciliary muscles

Question 20

what is the function of the lens?

Answer 20

to focus light on the retina

Question 21

what do ciliary muscles, zonule, and lens look like when focusing on distant bjects

Answer 21

ciliary muscles would be relaxed, the zonule would be taut, and the lens would be flattened for focusing on distant objects

Question 22

what nervous system controls the sphincter pupillae?

Answer 22

the parasympathetic nervous system`

Question 23

what do the sphincter pupillae do?

Answer 23

contricts pupil when the sphincter pupilae is contracted

Question 24

are the sphicter pupillae muscles proximal or distal to the pupil?

Answer 24

proximal!

Question 25

what is the purpose of the choroid?

Answer 25

to nourish the retina and maintain eye temp and volume

Question 26

what is the purpose of the retina

Answer 26

captures light to send to the brain

Question 27

what is the the outer fibrous layer

Answer 27

sclera and the cornea

Question 28

what is in the middle vascular layer

Answer 28

iris, choroid, ciliary body

Question 29

what is in the inner layer

Answer 29

retina

Question 30

what chambers are in the anterior cavity of the eye

Answer 30

anterior and posterior chamber

Question 31

what chamber is in the posterior cavity of the eye

Answer 31

vitreous chamber

Question 32

where is the anterior chamber

Answer 32

btw cornea and the iris`

Question 33

what is the purpose of the anterior chamber

Answer 33

to contain the aqueus humour

Question 34

where is the posterior chamber

Answer 34

btw the iris and the lens

Question 35

what is the purpose of the posterior chamber?

Answer 35

to aid in production and circulation of aqueous humour

Question 36

what is the purpose of aqueous humour?

Answer 36

to main eye pressure

Question 37

what is the purpose of the vitreous chamber?

Answer 37

to contain vitreous humour

Question 38

what is the purpose of vitreous humour

Answer 38

to maintain shape of eye, to nourish the eye

Question 39

where is the vitreous chamber of the eye

Answer 39

behind the lens

Question 40

which extraocular muscles are on top of the eye?

Answer 40

superior rectus, trochlea, superior oblique

Question 41

what extraocular muscles are on the lateral and medial sides of the eye

Answer 41

the lateral rectus and the medial rectus

Question 42

what extraocular muscles are on the bottom of the eye?

Answer 42

inferiror oblique and inferior rectus

Question 43

what movement does the inferior oblique do?

Answer 43

moves the eyeball up and out

Question 44

what movement does the superior oblique do?

Answer 44

moves the eye down and out

Question 45

what movement does the superior rectus do?

Answer 45

moves eye up

Question 46

what movement does the lateral rectus do?

Answer 46

moves eye laterally

Question 47

what innervates the extraocular muscles?

Answer 47

the oculomotor nerve except it does not innervate the lateral rectus (this is the abducens nerve) and the superior oblique (this is the trochlear nerve)

Question 48

what is the lacrimal apparatus

Answer 48

system of glands and ducts that produces and drains lacrimal fluid

Question 49

what is lacrimal fluid?

Answer 49

fluid that lubricates eye surface, removes debris from eye, aka tears

Question 50

where is the lacrimal gland on the eye?

Answer 50

superior and lateral

Question 51

what structures does the lacrimal apparatus contain?

Answer 51

lacrimal gland, excretory lacrimal ducts, superior and inferior puncta, superior and inferior lacrimal canaliculi, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal duct (LNL PEC)

Question 52

what structures of the lacrimal apparatus are medial?

Answer 52

puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct