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PHSL101 > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

what do fat soluble hormones bind to and how fast

A

intercellular receptors and respond slowly

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2
Q

T/F
Water soluble hormone travel in blood bound to carries protein

A

false

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3
Q

T/F
The specificity of hormone is due to it only binding to its matching receptors

A

true

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4
Q

the master gland in the body is the

A

Pituitary gland

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5
Q

T/F Both the nervous system and endocrine system control body functions

A

true

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6
Q

how does the hypothalamus control different body functions by using

A

Both hormones and action potentials

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7
Q

to cause a response the hormone has to bind to a _____ receptor before

A

specific receptor

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8
Q

what is the stimulus for glucagon

A

low blood glucose e.g not eaten in a while

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9
Q

what is the effect of glucagon if have low blood glucose

A

increase blood glucose

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10
Q

what is the stimulus for insulin

A

high blood glucose

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11
Q

what is the effect of insulin

A

decrease blood glucose
e.g. just had a meal

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12
Q

what is the stimulus for TRH,, TSH and thyroid hormone

A

cold stress and/or exercise
e.g. need thighs for exercise - Thyroid

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13
Q

where is TSH released from

A

anterior pituitary gland

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14
Q

where is the Thyrois hormone released from

A

thyroid gland

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15
Q

what is the effect of thyroid hormone

A

increase cellular metabolism

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16
Q

what is the stimulus for GHRh, growth hormone and IGF-1

A

sleep and/or exercise

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17
Q

the effect of GHRH is GH being released, where is Growth hormone released from

A

anterior pituitary gland

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18
Q

what is the effect for growth hormone (x2)

A
  • increase fuel in blood
  • release of IGF-1 from liver
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19
Q

what is the effect for IGF-1

A

increase growth tissue

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20
Q

what is the stimulis for adrenaline

A

acute (short term) stress and /or exercise

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21
Q

what is the effect of adrenaline

A

increase heart rate, BP and fuel

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22
Q

what is the stimulus for anti diuretic hormone (ADH)

A

stress/exercise and increase ECF osmolarity

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23
Q

what is the effect of increase ECF osmolarity or stress/exercise on ADH

A

Kidney reabsorb more water

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24
Q

what is the stimulus for CRH (Cortisol releasing hormone), ACTH, and cortisol

A

long term (chonic) stress/ day and night internal rhythms

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25
what is the effect CRH, where is ACTH released from
anterior pituitary gland
26
What is the effect for ACTH, where is cortisol released from
adrenal gland
27
what is the effect of cortisol
increase fuel, BP and immunity
28
when is cortisol levels increase
in the morning e.g. 8am phsl lecture
29
when do cortisol levels decrease
at night e.g. when your getting ready for bed
30
which hormone is produced when the blood glucose concentration is above normal
insulin
31
which is a natural chemical messenger for the adrenergic receptor
norepinephrine
32
what ways of increasing blood pressure is NOT an effect of antidiuretic hormone
increase in heart rate
33
which organ produces the hormone that help regulate blood glucose levels
pancreas
34
what does the alpha cell of the pancreas goes with which hormone they produce
glucagon
35
T/F water soluble hormones are dissolved in the blood and soluble hormones are transported attached to carrier proteins
TRUE
35
T/F water soluble hormones are dissolved in the blood and soluble hormones are transported attached to carrier proteins
TRUE
36
water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormone, activate target cells using
the second-messenger system
37
which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates cortisol production
adrenocorticotropic hormone
38
why do we need hormones
homeostasis, growth, body defenses, reproduction, sleep
39
what are hormones
chemical messenges
40
what are hormones made of
amino acids or cholesterol - eggs
41
where are hormones made in and released from
endocrine
42
hormones travel in the blood to distant what type of cells
target cells
43
hormones can either dissolved directly in plasma or bound to a carrier protein T/f
True
44
hormones bind to _____ ____ on target cells to cause what
specific receptors cause response
45
what happens after hormone has served its purpose
it is removed, broken down and recycled
46
what number messenger does water soluble hormone need to activate to amplify hormone response
2nd messenger
47
explain the process of lipid (fat) -soluble action mechanism
lipide-soluble hormone bound to carrier protein, bind to receptor complex enters the nucleus - lead to gene activation e.g. alteration of gene transciption
48
what is the response to water soluble hormones
fast (ms to mins
49
what is the time response to lipid-soluble hormones
slow (hours to days)
50
what is an example of water soluble hormone
adrenalone
51
what is an example of fat soluble hormone
cortisol
52
T/F water soluble hormones travel in the blood bound to carrier proteins
false
53
T/F these specificity of a hormone is due to it only bonding to its matching receptors
true
54
what systems work together to control body function
Nervous + endocrine
55
T/F the hypothalamus is a major connection point between the nervous system and the endocrine system begins at
TRUE
56
hypothalamus to posterior pituitary creates what type of connection
axon connection
57
action potentials cause hormone release from which pituitary gland
posterior Potentials = Posterior
58
hypothalamus to anterior pituitary creates what type of connection
blood vessel connection
59
release or inhibit release of hormones comes from which pituitary gland
anterior pituitary
60
Fat soluble hormones bind to
intracellular receptors and respond slowly
61
what hormones help with metabolism and growth
1. GH 2. IGF-1 3. TH
62
what stimulates growth hormone releasing hormone
hypothalamus - all the H
63
what stimulates growth hormone
anterior - blood vessels - need to keep you alive/ growth
64
what does the liver stimulate the release of which hormone
IGF-1
65
from the growth hormone and IGF-1 what is stimulated
sleep and exercise
66
what does GH target which cells
liver, skeletal muscle, adipose
67
what does IGF-1 target
all body cells
68
what pituitary gland does the thyroid hormone come from
anterior - large gloide is seen on the anterior side of the body
69
from the thyoid hormone what is stimulated
cold stress and exercise
70
Thyrotrophin releasing hormone released from
hypothalmus
71
thyroid stimulating hormone TSH released form
anterior pituitary
72
thyroid hormone released form
thyroid gland
73
thyroid hormone controls ____ ___ so _____ ____ cells contain thyroid hormone receptor
cellular metabolism most body cells
74
how is the GIGH stopes
hypothalamus
75
how is the GH release stop
negative feedback to hypothalamus
76
how is the IGF-1 stoped
negative feedback to pituitary and hypothalamus
77
what hormones are involved in the stress response
cortisol and ADH
78
ACTH comes from which pituitary gland
anterior
79
cortisol comes from what
adrenal gland
80
what is stimulated from the cortisol hormone
stress and day- night rhythm
81
CRH is stimulated from where
hypothalamus
82
what are the target cells of cortisol
skeletal muscle, adipose, liver
83
what hormone comes from the posterior pituitary
anti-diuretic hormone (stop you from peeing, pee comes from posterior)
84
what stimulated the ADH release
dehydration - peeing, stress
85
what are the target cells of ADH
kidney, hypothalamus, blood vessles
86
what nervous system is noradrenalin neurotransmitter released by
symathetic nerons
87
what are both noradrenaline and adrenaline called
catecholamines
88
what stimulates adrenaline release
stress and exercise
89
where is the adrenaline released from
medulla of adrenal gland
90
is oxygen and delivery of blood to cells increased or decrease
increased
91
is fuel released into the blood to go to the cells increased or decrease
increase
92
what are adrenergic receptors
receptors that are stimulated by catecholamines
93
what are the two different types of adrenergic receptors
alpha and beta
94
what are stimulate drugs that target the adrenergic receptors
adrenergic agonist
95
what are blocker drugs that target the adrenergic receptors
adrenergic antagonist
96
what are adrengic agonist call and what do they cause
sympathomimetics, similar effects to catecholamines (adrenaline)
97
what do adrenergic antagonist do and slow down
block function and slow heart rate
98
what is released if they is low blood glucose
glucagon
99
what is released if blood glucose is high
insluin
100
glucagon are release from which cells
alpha
101
insulin released by which cells
beta cells
102
what are target cells of glucagon
liver
103
what are target cells of insulin
liver, skeletal muscle, adipose

PHSL101 (13 decks)

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