Endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine system,

Answer 1

made up of a number of secretory glands

Question 2

gland

Answer 2

organ that makes chemicals and releases them out of the gland

Question 3

endocrine gland 2

Answer 3

ductless

secretes hormones directly into the bloodstrean

Question 4

what are hormones

Answer 4

chemical messengers

Question 5

what are hormones secreted by

Answer 5

endocrine glands

Question 6

how are hormones transported

Answer 6

carried in the blood to the target area

Question 7

what do hormones cause

Answer 7

a response in the target area (long-lasting effect)

Question 8

most hormones are composed of what?

Answer 8

protein

Question 9

exocrine gland 2

Answer 9

ducted glands

have tubes to carry secretions away

Question 10

3 exocrine glands

Answer 10

salivary, sweat and mammary

Question 11

pancreas

Answer 11

both an endocrine and exocrine gland

Question 12

endocrine action in pancreas

Answer 12

production of enzymes in pancreatic juice for digestion

Question 13

exocrine action in pancreas

Answer 13

production of insulin and glucagon

Question 14

6 hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

Answer 14

FSH
LH
Oxytocin
prolactin
TSH
ADH

Question 15

function of FSH

Answer 15

stimulates agg and sperm formation

Question 16

function of LH

Answer 16

stimulates ovulation in female

Question 17

function of oxytocin

Answer 17

stimulates contraction in uterus during birth

Question 18

function of prolactin

Answer 18

stimulates milk production

Question 19

function of TSH

Answer 19

stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine

Question 20

function of ADH

Answer 20

stimulates reabsorption of H2O in the kidney

Question 21

6 hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

Answer 21

FSH
LH
Oxytocin
prolactin
TSH
ADH

Question 22

function of FSH

Answer 22

stimulates agg and sperm formation

Question 23

function of LH

Answer 23

stimulates ovulation in female

Question 24

function of oxytocin

Answer 24

stimulates contraction in uterus during birth

Question 25

function of prolactin

Answer 25

stimulates milk production

Question 26

function of TSH

Answer 26

stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine

Question 27

function of ADH

Answer 27

stimulates reabsorption of H2O in the kidney

Question 28

what does the thyroid secrete?

Answer 28

thyroxine

Question 29

function of thyroxine 2

Answer 29

controls metabolic rate | stimulates growth and development in children

Question 30

endocrine part of pancreas

Answer 30

islets of Langerhans

Question 31

what does the pancreas secrete

Answer 31

insulin

Question 32

function of insulin 2

Answer 32

lowers blood sugar | stimulates formation of glycogen in the liver

Question 33

what secretes adrenaline

Answer 33

adrenals

Question 34

function of adrenaline 2

Answer 34

fight/flight response | raises blood sugar and heart rate

Question 35

2 secretions of ovary

Answer 35

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 36

function of oestrogen 2

Answer 36

development of female sexual characteristics | repair and growth of lining of womb

Question 37

function of progesterone

Answer 37

growth and maturation of lining of womb

Question 38

what do the testis secrete

Answer 38

testosterone

Question 39

function of testosterone 2

Answer 39

development of male sexual characteristics | formation of sperm in males

Question 40

what does the thyroid gland consist of

Answer 40

2 lobes in front of the trachea in the throat

Question 41

what does the thyroid produce

Answer 41

the hormone thyroxine

Question 42

what does thyroxine consist of

Answer 42

protein and iodine

Question 43

what controls the release of thyroxine into the blood stream

Answer 43

TSH

Question 44

TSH

Answer 44

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 45

what secretes TSH

Answer 45

the pituitary gland

Question 46

2 functions of thyroxine

Answer 46

to control the rate of metabolism | to control growth and development in young children

Question 47

when is thyroxine really important

Answer 47

during growth in young children

Question 48

2 disorders of the thyroid gland

Answer 48

deficiency of thyroxine | excess of thyroxine

Question 49

deficiency of thyroxine

Answer 49

underachieve thyroid

Question 50

deficiency of thyroxine in children

Answer 50

cretinism

Question 51

2 symptoms of cretinism

Answer 51

physical and mental development is retarded

Question 52

corrective measures of cretinism

Answer 52

take thyroxine tablets

Question 53

deficiency of thyroxine in adults leads to

Answer 53

myxoedema

Question 54

3 symptoms of myxoedema

Answer 54

tiredness, depression, weight gain

Question 55

corrective measure of myxoedema

Answer 55

take thyroxine tablets

Question 56

when too much thyroxine is produces

Answer 56

Grave's disease

Question 57

3 symptoms of Grave's disease

Answer 57

swollen neck, high metabolic rate, weight loss

Question 58

2 corrective measures of Grave's disease

Answer 58

remove part of the thyroid by surgery | kill some thyroid cells using radioactive therapy

Question 59

control of thyroxine is by

Answer 59

feedback mechanism

Question 60

feedback mechanism

Answer 60

where the production of a hormone stimulates or inhibits the production of itself or another hormone

Question 61

positive feedback

Answer 61

stimulates production

Question 62

negative feedback

Answer 62

inhibits production

Question 63

when the level of thyroxine in the blood is below the required level

Answer 63

the pituitary gland secretes TSH (positive feedback)

Question 64

when the level of thyroxine in the blood is above the required level

Answer 64

it inhibits the pituitary gland from secreting TSH (negative feedback)

Question 65

response of nerve

Answer 65

fast acting

Question 66

response of hormone

Answer 66

slow acting

Question 67

length of response of nerve

Answer 67

short lived

Question 68

length of response of hormone

Answer 68

long lived

Question 69

transmission of nerve

Answer 69

electrical

Question 70

transmission of hormone

Answer 70

chemical

Question 71

speed of transmission of nerve

Answer 71

rapid

Question 72

speed of transmission of hormone

Answer 72

slow (in blood)

Question 73

effect of nerve

Answer 73

one area

Question 74

effect of hormone

Answer 74

may affect many areas (target organs)

Question 75

5 hormone supplements

Answer 75

``` insulin contraception HRT fertility treatment anabolic steroids ```

Question 76

what is insulin used for

Answer 76

to treat diabetes

Question 77

what secretes insulin

Answer 77

pancreas (cells of Langerhans)

Question 78

3 functions of insulin

Answer 78

lowers the blood sugar level stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver stimulates all cells in body to take up glucose

Question 79

3 symptoms of diabetes

Answer 79

high blood sugar kidneys excrete glucose in urine weight loss

Question 80

2 ways to control diabetes

Answer 80

regular injections of insulin a short time before meals | controlled intake of carbs (small amount at short intervals)

Question 81

contraception

Answer 81

prevents egg formation and is used by many women to prevent a pregnancy

Question 82

HRT

Answer 82

oestrogen used in the menopause

Question 83

what does oestrogen do/?

Answer 83

stimulates bone formation and prevents osteoporosis

Question 84

fertility treatment

Answer 84

hormones similar to FSH used in IVF to stimulate egg production

Question 85

anabolic steroids

Answer 85

synthetic forms of male sex hormone testosterone

Question 86

what are anabolic steroids used for

Answer 86

to promote muscle growth and bone strength

Question 87

3 side effects of anabolic steroids

Answer 87

damage to kidneys, liver and heart shrunken testes and enlarged breasts in males development of male traits in females