Endocrine System (LAB)

Question 1

the __________ __________ coordinates with the nervous system

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

it is the second major controlling system of the body

Answer 2

endocrine system

Question 3

the __________ __________ is for rapid control using nerve impulses

Answer 3

nervous system

Question 4

the __________ __________ acts slowly by using hormones

Answer 4

endocrine system

Question 5

chemical messengers that are released into the blood to be transported throughout the body

Answer 5

hormones

Question 6

located in the throat; bilobed gland connected by an isthmus

Answer 6

thyroid gland

Question 7

large gland with two lobes
controls growth and metabolism

Answer 7

thyroid gland

Question 8

found atop the kidney
small, triangular shaped gland

Answer 8

adrenal gland

Question 9

produces hormones that help regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress (adrenaline), and other essential functions

Answer 9

adrenal gland

Question 10

a mixed gland, located close to the stomach and small intestine
a digestive exocrine gland and hormone producing endocrine gland

Answer 10

pancreas

Question 11

what is the exocrine function of the pancreas

Answer 11

excretes enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acid in the food

Question 12

what is the endocrine function of the pancreas

Answer 12

secretes hormones, insulin and glucagon, to control blood sugar levels

Question 13

the insulin __________ blood sugar levels

Answer 13

decreases

Question 14

the glucagon __________ blood sugar levels

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

found in the roof of the third ventricle of the brain
small organ shaped like a pinecone

Answer 15

pineal gland

Question 16

synthesizes and secretes melatonin

Answer 16

pineal gland

Question 17

structurally simple hormone that communicates information about environmental lighting to various parts of the body

Answer 17

melatonin

Question 18

tiny masses of glandular tissue found on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
ride “horseback” on the thyroid gland

Answer 18

parathyroid gland

Question 19

the parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone which increases __________

Answer 19

calcium levels

Question 20

found in the pelvic cavity of women, concerned with ova and female hormone production

Answer 20

ovaries

Question 21

the ovaries produce __________ __________ that maintain the health of the female reproductive system

Answer 21

egg cells

Question 22

inadequate amounts of __________ results to poor development of secondary sex characteristics

Answer 22

estrogen

Question 23

group of hormones that play an important role in normal, sexual, and reproductive development in women

Answer 23

estrogen

Question 24

the ovaries make most of the estrogen hormone although the __________ and __________ make small amounts of the hormone

Answer 24

adrenal gland and fat cells

Question 25

belongs to a class of male hormones androgens

Answer 25

testosterone

Question 26

inadequate amounts of __________ result in tetany

Answer 26

parathyroid hormone

Question 27

regulates calcium levels in the blood largely increasing the hormone when calcium levels are too low

Answer 27

parathyroid hormone

Question 28

inadequate amounts of __________ result in Diabetes Milletus

Answer 28

insulin

Question 29

made in the pancreas allows our body to use glucose for energy

Answer 29

insulin

Question 30

inadequate amounts of __________ result in abnormally small stature, normal proportions

Answer 30

growth hormone

Question 31

acts on many parts of the body to promote growth in children (length/height)

Answer 31

growth hormone

Question 32

once growth plates in the bones (epiphyseal plates) have fused, growth hormone does not increase height but it...

Answer 32

maintains normal body structure and metabolism including helping in keeping blood glucose levels (in adults)

Question 33

inadequate amounts result in myxedema (a lower-than-normal metabolic rate)

Answer 33

thyroxine

Question 34

what type of thyroid hormone is thyroxine

Answer 34

T4

Question 35

controls how much energy our body uses (metabolic rate) also involved in digestion, how our hearts and muscles work, brain development, and bone health

Answer 35

thyroxine

Question 36

basal metabolism hormones

Answer 36

thyroxine and triiodothyronine (thyroid gland)

Question 37

what type of thyroid hormone is triiodothyronine

Answer 37

T3

Question 38

controls the body's metabolism (rate of activity in cells and tissues)

Answer 38

triiodothyronine

Question 39

regulate blood calcium levels

Answer 39

parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (parathyroid gland and thyroid gland)

Question 40

part of a feedback loop including the calcium, vitamin D, also phosphorus/phosphate and magnesium helps the body maintain stable levels of calcium in the blood

Answer 40

parathyroid hormone

Question 41

produced by the parafollicular cells/C cells of the thyroid gland helps regulate how the body uses calcium

Answer 41

calcitonin

Question 42

helps mature T lymphocytes

Answer 42

thymosin (thymus)

Question 43

stimulates the development of disease fighting T cells hormone of the thymus

Answer 43

thymosin

Question 44

drive development of secondary sex characteristics

Answer 44

estrogen and testosterone

Question 45

regulate the function of another endocrine gland

Answer 45

follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and thyroid stimulating hormone (anterior pituitary gland)

Question 46

stimulates the follicle development in the ovaries

Answer 46

follicle stimulating hormone

Question 47

as the follicles mature, they produce estrogen and the egg are ready for ovulation in men, it stimulates sperm development in the testes

Answer 47

follicle stimulating hormone

Question 48

mimic the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 48

epinephrine/adrenaline (adrenal medulla)

Question 49

increases cardiac output and to raise glucose levels in the blood secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands

Answer 49

epinephrine/adrenaline

Question 50

regulate the blood glucose levels, produced by the same "mixed" gland

Answer 50

glucagon and insulin (pancreas)

Question 51

role is to prevent blood glucose levels to drop too low increases blood sugar levels

Answer 51

glucagon

Question 52

the role of glucagon in the liver is...

Answer 52

stimulate the conversion of stored glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis)

Question 53

directly responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle

Answer 53

estrogen and progesterone (ovaries)

Question 54

important role in the menstrual cycle and maintaining the early stages of pregnancy produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary

Answer 54

progesterone

Question 55

help maintain salt and water balance in body fluids

Answer 55

aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (adrenal cortex and posterior pituitary)

Question 56

main role is to regulate salt and water in the body thus having an effect on blood pressure

Answer 56

aldosterone

Question 57

helps regulate water balance arginine vasopressin

Answer 57

antidiuretic hormone

Question 58

involved in milk ejection

Answer 58

oxytocin (hypothalamus)

Question 59

chemical messenger in the brain controlling aspects of the reproductive system including child birth and lactation as well as some aspects of human behavior acts on the breasts and the uterus

Answer 59

oxytocin

Question 60

connects the endocrine system with the nervous system

Answer 60

hypothalamus

Question 61

tells the pituitary gland when to start or stop making hormones

Answer 61

hypothalamus

Question 62

uses the information it gets from the brain to tell the other glands what to do the endocrine system's master gland

Answer 62

pituitary gland

Question 63

makes WBCs and T lymphocytes that fight infection and are crucial to a child's immune system development shrinks after puberty

Answer 63

thymus

Question 64

triggers ovulation of the egg from the ovary and causes the ruptured follicle to produce progesterone stimulates interstitial cells in the testes

Answer 64

luteinizing hormone

Question 65

stimulates the production and release of cortisol from the outer part of the adrenal gland (cortex) produced by the pituitary gland

Answer 65

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 66

controls the production of the thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) produced and released by pituitary gland

Answer 66

thyroid stimulating hormones