Inner mitochondrial membrane has ____ which makes it have a large surface area
cristae; very impermeable
Outer membrane has ____
porins; permeable
NADH enters as complex ___ FADH enters as complex ____
1; 2 (succinate to fumerase)
+ charges on the ____of the mitochondrial matrix, whereas - charges are on the inside
outside; inside
Electrons get transferred from ___ to ___
lower to higher. (higher are the acceptors)
Rotenone inhibits transfer of NADH to
Q and Cyt b
Antimycin A inhibits transfer of Cyt B to
Cyt C1
CN- or CO inhibit transfer of Cyt a to
oxygen
What are the enzyme complexes of the ETC
- NADH dehydrogenase
- Succinate dehydrogenase
- Ubiquinone cytochrome c oxidoreductase
- Cytochrome oxidase
Cytochromes consist of protiens + heme ____ ____and have different classes. They accept 1 electron at a time and absorb visible light differently if oxidized or reduced
prosthetic groups
What is the non protein component of ETC
ubiquinone; aromatic ring structure with keto groups that give resonance structures
ubiquinone is ____soluble and resides in the ___membrane and can accomodate 1 or ____ e- transfers and also carries proton
fat; inner; 2
Complex 1, NADH dehydrogenase processes ___e- at a time and converts the e- from NADH to ____and transfers ___protons
2; QH2; 4
Complex 2, Succinate Dehydrogenase is fixed in ___membrane and produces ____It doesnt have any transfer of H+ into intermembrane space
inner; FADH2
Complex 3, Cytochrome bc1 processes ____ and transfers e- to ______ and pumps protons into intermembrane space. It is loosely associated and floats in the intermembrane space, thus it is considered a ______ _____. It transfers ____protons as well.
QH2YQ; cytochrome c; “step down transformer”; 4
cytochrome C has been identified to have an extra _____. It is important in _____.
job; apoptosis (programmed cell death)
what is the process of apoptosis in cytochrome c
- Permeability transition pore complex opens up
- cytochrome c moves to cytosol
- Apaf -1 activates
- Dimerization of Procapsase -9
- caspase-9 breaks down proteases of cell
- cell self destructs from inside out
complex 4, cytochrome oxidase, takes e- from cytochrome c to oxygen to produce _____. It pumps protons into _____ and is the source of the majority of the cellular _____stress. It transfers ____ protons.
water; IMS; oxidative; 2
Complex V, ATP Synthase, converts ATP + Pi to ____. It is very large. The circular motion of F0 driven by proton gradient like a water wheel.
ATP
