Exam 1 – Lecture 3: Organelles 1

Question 1

What are the membranous organelles?

Answer 1

Cell membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi
Mitochondria
Vesicles
Endosomes
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes

Question 2

What are the non-membranous organelles?

Answer 2

Microtubules
Filaments
Centrioles
Ribosomes

Question 3

What is found throughout cells that are active?

Answer 3

Mitochondria

Question 4

Where is most of the nucleic acid in the cell located?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

What is the cell membrane composed of?

Answer 5

Lipid bilayer

Proteins

Question 6

What is the relationship between the lipid bilayer and water?

Answer 6

The lipid bilayer is hydrophilic and hydrophobic (AKA amphipathic)

Question 7

What are the different types of proteins in the cell membrane? Where exactly are they?

Answer 7

Integral: inside the lipid bilayer
Peripheral: outside the lipid bilayer

Question 8

What is the cell coat of the cell membrane called?

Answer 8

Glycocalyx

Question 9

What does the cell membrane act as?

Answer 9

Barrier

Question 10

What are the integral proteins of the cell membrane?

Answer 10

Pumps
Channels
Receptors
Linker proteins

Question 11

What do cells that attach to other cells need?

Answer 11

Linker proteins

Question 12

What are the 2 types of vesicular transport?

Answer 12

Endocytosis (taking things in)

Exocytosis (letting things out)

Question 13

What are the different types of endocytosis?

Answer 13

Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
Receptor-mediated

Question 14

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 14

Picking up fluids/water

Question 15

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 15

Picking up particles

Question 16

What is the reason for why bruises eventually fade?

Answer 16

Phagocytosis

Question 17

What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer 17

Cells that pick up certain molecules

Question 18

What are the different types of exocytosis?

Answer 18

Constitutive

Regulated

Question 19

What is the job of endosomes?

Answer 19

Sort and recycle proteins

Question 20

What could an endosome become?

Answer 20

Lysosome

Question 21

What determines if an endosome will become a lysosome?

Answer 21

Contains several “lytic” enzymes
Unique membrane
Derived from endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

What are lysosomes?

Answer 22

Digestive organelles

Question 23

What are 3 types of lysosomes?

Answer 23

Autophagy
Heterophagy
Azurophilic granules

Question 24

What are the different types of azurophilic granules?

Answer 24

Neutrophilic leukocytes
Eosinophilic leukocytes
Basophilic leukocytes

Question 25

Do neutrophils stain?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

What do eosinophils attract?

Answer 26

Eosin

Question 27

What do basophils attract?

Answer 27

Hematoxylin

Question 28

What does the rough ER contain?

Answer 28

Ribosomes

Question 29

What does the rough ER do?

Answer 29

Protein synthesis

Question 30

What are the two types of protein synthesis?

Answer 30

Transcription and translation

Question 31

What happens in transcription?

Answer 31

DNA becomes RNA

Question 32

What happens in translation?

Answer 32

RNA becomes protein

Question 33

What happens in the smooth ER?

Answer 33

Steroid/lipid metabolism Detoxify/conjugate noxious substances Membrane formation/cycle

Question 34

What is recycled in the smooth ER?

Answer 34

Cell membranes

Question 35

What is the golgi apparatus?

Answer 35

A series of sacks that are bilayered

Question 36

What does the golgi apparatus do?

Answer 36

Modify, sort, and package proteins

Question 37

What is the mitochondrion?

Answer 37

Powerhouse of the cells

Question 38

What is cristae?

Answer 38

The folds inside the mitochondria

Question 39

What does mitochondrion control?

Answer 39

Apoptosis

Question 40

Are there mitochondria in mature RBCs?

Answer 40

No

Question 41

What are peroxisomes also known as?

Answer 41

Microbodies

Question 42

What do peroxisomes contain?

Answer 42

Oxidative enxymes

Question 43

What do peroxisomes do?

Answer 43

β oxidation of fatty acids

Question 44

What are peroxisomes prominent in?

Answer 44

The liver

Question 45

What are peroxisomes responsible for?

Answer 45

Alcohol poisoning