Exam 1 Part 2

Question 1

What are the 4 processes of life?

Answer 1

growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and metabolism

Question 2

T/F: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F: Eukaryotes lack a nucleus

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F: Prokaryotes have internal-membrane bound organelles.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T/F: Prokaryotes have linear DNA

Answer 5

False; they have circular DNA

Question 6

Which are smaller, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 6

prokaryotes

Question 7

Which is composed of bacteria and archaea, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 7

prokaryotes

Question 8

T/F: Prokaryotes have a complex structure.

Answer 8

False; they have a simple structure

Question 9

T/F: Eukaryotes have round DNA

Answer 9

False, they have linear DNA

Question 10

What are eukaryotes composed of?

Answer 10

algae, protozoa, fungi, animals, and plants

Question 11

What are the two types of Glycocalyces (gelatinous, sticky substance surrounding the outside of the cell)?

Answer 11

Capsule and Slime layer

Question 12

What is responsible for the movement of Bacterial cells?

Answer 12

Flagella

Question 13

T/F: all bacteria have Flagella

Answer 13

false

Question 14

What rod-like proteinaceous extensions of bacterial cells have sticky, bristlelike projections, are used by bacteria to adhere to one another, and serve an important function in biofilms?

Answer 14

Fimbriae

Question 15

What rod-like proteinaceous extension of bacterial cells are longer than flagella, mediate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another (conjugation), and are also known as conjugation pili

Answer 15

pili

Question 16

What structure provides structure and shape to bacterial cells?

Answer 16

cell wall

Question 17

What structure protects bacterial cells from osmotic forces?

Answer 17

cell wall

Question 18

What are bacterial cell walls composed of?

Answer 18

peptidoglycan

Question 19

What are the two basic types of bacterial cell walls?

Answer 19

Gram (+) and Gram (-)

Question 20

Which type of cell walls appear purple after Gram staining?

Answer 20

Gram (+)

Question 21

Which type of cell walls have a relatively thick layer of peptidoglycan?

Answer 21

Gram (+)

Question 22

What kind of cell wall can be found on prokaryotes?

Answer 22

Gram (-)

Question 23

Which type of bacterial cell wall has a bilayer membrane and a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan?

Answer 23

Gram (-)

Question 24

Which type of cell walls appear red (or pink) after Gram staining procedure?

Answer 24

Gram (-)

Question 25

What are the passive processes of bacterial cells crossing the cytoplasmic membrane?

Answer 25

diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis

Question 26

What are the active processes of bacterial cells crossing the cytoplasmic membrane?

Answer 26

active transport and group translocation

Question 27

During which active process are substances chemically modified during transport?

Answer 27

Group translocation

Question 28

What is the function of the semipermeable membrane during osmosis?

Answer 28

allows movement of H2O but not solutes

Question 29

T/F: while placed in an isotonic solution, cells without a cell wall will erupt.

Answer 29

False, this occurs in hypotonic solutions

Question 30

T/F: while placed in a hypertonic solution, cells without a cell wall will shrivel.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is the liquid portion of cytoplasm called?

Answer 31

cytosol

Question 32

What are endospores?

Answer 32

unique structures produced by some bacteria as a defensive strategy against unfavorable conditions

Question 33

T/F: prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S

Answer 33

False, 70S

Question 34

What 2 subuntis compose prokaryotic ribosomes?

Answer 34

30S and 50S

Question 35

T/F: Animals and most protozoan have cell walls.

Answer 35

False; most lack a cell wall.

Question 36

T/F: Fungi, algae, plants and some protozoa lack cell walls.

Answer 36

False; these all have cell walls

Question 37

What process involves physical manipulation of cytoplasmic membrane around cytoskeleton to form pseudopodia?

Answer 37

Endocytosis

Question 38

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 38

solid imported into cell

Question 39

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 39

liquid imported into the cell

Question 40

What is the term for the process of exporting substances from the cell?

Answer 40

Exocytosis

Question 41

Which ribosomes are larger, prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Answer 41

eukaryotic

Question 42

T/F: Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What 2 sub-units compose eukaryotic ribosomes?

Answer 43

60S and 40S

Question 44

What part of eukaryotes have 70S ribosomes?

Answer 44

chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 45

T/F: Eukaryotic cells can have more than one nucleus.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

T/F: Eukaryotic cells do not have a nuclear envelope.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

What kind of DNA can be found in the mitochondria of eukaryotes?

Answer 47

circular

Question 48

What are the light harvesting structures found in eukaryotes?

Answer 48

chloroplast

Question 49

T/F: some prokaryotes have chloroplast

Answer 49

False; all prokaryotes lack chloroplasts

Question 50

What kind of ribosomes can be found in chloroplasts?

Answer 50

70S