Flashcards in Exam 1 Part 2 Deck (50)
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1
What are the 4 processes of life?
growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and metabolism
2
T/F: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus.
True
3
T/F: Eukaryotes lack a nucleus
False
4
T/F: Prokaryotes have internal-membrane bound organelles.
False
5
T/F: Prokaryotes have linear DNA
False; they have circular DNA
6
Which are smaller, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
7
Which is composed of bacteria and archaea, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
8
T/F: Prokaryotes have a complex structure.
False; they have a simple structure
9
T/F: Eukaryotes have round DNA
False, they have linear DNA
10
What are eukaryotes composed of?
algae, protozoa, fungi, animals, and plants
11
What are the two types of Glycocalyces (gelatinous, sticky substance surrounding the outside of the cell)?
Capsule and Slime layer
12
What is responsible for the movement of Bacterial cells?
Flagella
13
T/F: all bacteria have Flagella
false
14
What rod-like proteinaceous extensions of bacterial cells have sticky, bristlelike projections, are used by bacteria to adhere to one another, and serve an important function in biofilms?
Fimbriae
15
What rod-like proteinaceous extension of bacterial cells are longer than flagella, mediate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another (conjugation), and are also known as conjugation pili
pili
16
What structure provides structure and shape to bacterial cells?
cell wall
17
What structure protects bacterial cells from osmotic forces?
cell wall
18
What are bacterial cell walls composed of?
peptidoglycan
19
What are the two basic types of bacterial cell walls?
Gram (+) and Gram (-)
20
Which type of cell walls appear purple after Gram staining?
Gram (+)
21
Which type of cell walls have a relatively thick layer of peptidoglycan?
Gram (+)
22
What kind of cell wall can be found on prokaryotes?
Gram (-)
23
Which type of bacterial cell wall has a bilayer membrane and a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan?
Gram (-)
24
Which type of cell walls appear red (or pink) after Gram staining procedure?
Gram (-)
25
What are the passive processes of bacterial cells crossing the cytoplasmic membrane?
diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis
26
What are the active processes of bacterial cells crossing the cytoplasmic membrane?
active transport and group translocation
27
During which active process are substances chemically modified during transport?
Group translocation
28
What is the function of the semipermeable membrane during osmosis?
allows movement of H2O but not solutes
29
T/F: while placed in an isotonic solution, cells without a cell wall will erupt.
False, this occurs in hypotonic solutions
30
