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Gross II > Exam 2: Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Exam 2: Thoracic Wall Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

3 parts of sternum

A
  1. Manubrium
  2. Body
  3. Xiphoid process
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2
Q

Widest and thickest part of sternum

A

Manubrium

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3
Q

Body of sternum articulates with

A

2nd—7th costal cartilages

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4
Q

What part of the sternum is broken sometimes broken during CPR

A

Xiphoid process

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5
Q

Articulation of manubrium w/ body of sternum forms

A

Sternal angle

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6
Q

Sternal angle found at what level

A

T4/T5 IVD

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7
Q

Superior thoracic aperture AKA

A

Thoracic inlet

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8
Q

Superior thoracic aperture bounded by

A

Manubrium
1st rib
1st thoracic vertebra

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9
Q

Inferior thoracic aperture AKA

A

Thoracic outlet

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10
Q

Inferior thoracic aperture bounded by

A
  1. Xiphoid process
  2. Costal margin
  3. 12th rib
  4. Distal end 11th rib
  5. 12th thoracic vertebra
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11
Q

2 types of ribs

A

True ribs and false ribs

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12
Q

True ribs

A

Ribs 1-7

Articulate with sternum directly

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13
Q

False ribs 8-10

A

Articulate with sternum indirectly, attach to costal cartilage of rib above

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14
Q

False ribs 11 and 12

A

Not connected to sternum at all

“Floating ribs”

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15
Q

Typical ribs

A

3-9

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16
Q

Atypical ribs

A

1, 2, 10, 11, 12

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17
Q

Morphology of typical ribs

A

Head, neck, tubercle, angle, shaft, costal groove

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18
Q

Functions of thoracic cage

A
  1. Protection
  2. Muscle attachments
  3. Respiration
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19
Q

External intercostal muscle runs from ____ to _____.

A

Lower border (ribs 1-11) to upper border (ribs 2-12)

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20
Q

External intercostal muscle function

A

Elevates ribs in inspiration

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21
Q

Internal and innermost intercostal muscles runs from _____ to _____

A

Upper border (ribs 2-12) to lower border (ribs 1-11)

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22
Q

Muscles of thoracic wall that function to depress ribs in forced expiration

A

Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal
Subcostalis
Transversus thoracic

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23
Q

External intercostal muscles begin at _____ and end at ____

A

Tubercle of rib; costochondral joint

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24
Q

External intercostal muscles replaced by

A

External intercostal membrane

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25
Internal intercostal muscles begin at ____ and end at ____
Sternum; angle of ribs
26
Internal intercostal muscles replaced by
Internal intercostal membrane
27
Functions of muscles of thoracic wall EXCEPT external intercostal muscle
Depress ribs in FORCED expiration
28
External intercostal muscle fibers run
Downward and forward
29
Internal and innermost intercostal muscle fibers run
Downward and backward
30
Anterior aspect of thoracic wall supplied by
Internal thoracic artery and its branches
31
Internal thoracic artery branches
Pericardiacophrenic Anterior intercostal Musculophrenic Superior epigastric
32
Lateral terminal branch of internal thoracic artery
Musculophrenic artery
33
Medial terminal branch of internal thoracic artery
Superior epigastric artery
34
Pericardiacophrenic artery supplies
Pleura Pericardium Diaphragm
35
Anterior intercostal artery supplies
Upper 6 intercostal spaces Creates anastomose
36
Posterior aspect of thoracic wall supplied by
Supreme intercostal artery Posterior intercostal arteries Subcostal artery
37
Anterior aspect of thoracic wall drained by
Internal thoracic vein
38
Internal thoracic vein is _____ to arteries
Medial
39
On the R side the 1st posterior intercostal drains into
Brachiocephalic vein
40
On the R side, the 2nd and 3rd posterior intercostal veins joint to form ________ which drains into _______
Superior intercostal vein; azygos vein
41
On the R side, the 4th-11th posterior intercostal and subcostal veins drain into
Azygos vein
42
On the L side, the 1st posterior intercostal veins drains into
Brachiocephalic vein
43
On the L side, 2nd and 3rd posterior intercostal veins join to form _____ which drains into ______
Superior intercostal vein; LEFT brachiocephalic vein
44
On the L side, 4th thru 8th posterior intercostal veins join to form _____ which drains into _____
Accessory Hemiazygos vein; azygos vein
45
On the L side, 9th thru 11th posterior intercostal and subcostal veins join to form ______ which drains into _____
Hemiazygos vein; azygos vein
46
Nerves of thoracic wall
``` Intercostal nerves (1-11) Subcostal nerve (12) ```
47
Endothoracic fascia function
Prevents innermost intercostals from rubbing against parietal pleura
48
Thickening of endothoracic fascia
Suprapleural membrane
49
Intercostal V.A.N lie within _____ between _____.
Costal groove; internal and innermost intercostal muscles
50
3 cavities that make up thoracic cavity
2 pleural cavities | 1 mediastinum
51
Pleural cavities surround
Lungs
52
Parietal pleura
Lines inner surface of thorax
53
Visceral pleura
Invests the lung
54
Pleural cavity is a
Potential space
55
Pleural fluid
Lubricates pleurae to minimize friction
56
4 parts of parietal pleura
Costal Mediastinal Diaphragmatic Cervical
57
Costodiaphragmatic recess location
Where costal and disphragmatic pleurae meet Midaxillary line
58
Costomediastinal recess location
Costal and medistinal pleurae meet
59
Blood supply to parietal pleura
Intercostal, internal thoracic and superior phrenic arteries
60
Visceral pleura supplied by
Bronchial artery
61
Parietal pleura innervation
Intercostal, subcostal and phrenic nerves
62
Parietal pleura is
HIGHLY sensitive to pain
63
Visceral pleura innervation
None Insensitive to pain
64
Pneumothorax
Pleural cavities fill with air
65
Causes of pneumothorax
Trauma Disease Congenital weak spot
66
Tension pneumothorax
Flap present on visceral pleura Air enters but cannot exit
67
Hemothorax
Pleural cavity fills with blood
68
Hemopneumothorax
Pleural cavity fills with air and blood
69
Pleuritis produces
Pleural friction rub

Gross II (29 decks)

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