Exam 4: Pelvis And Rectum

Question 1

Abdominal aorta bifurcates into

Answer 1

L and R common iliac arteries

Question 2

Branches of external iliac artery

Answer 2

Deep circumflex iliac

Inferior epigastric

Question 3

External iliac A continues as

Answer 3

Femoral artery

Question 4

Internal iliac artery is crossed by

Answer 4

Ureter at pelvic brim

Question 5

Branches of posterior trunk in internal ilial A

Answer 5

Iliolumbar A
Lateral sacral A
Superior gluteal A

Question 6

Inferior gluteal A is branch of what trunk of internal iliac A

Answer 6

Anterior trunk

Question 7

Internal pudendal A is branch of what trunk of internal iliacA

Answer 7

Anterior trunk

Question 8

Umbilical A gives off what arteries

Answer 8

Superior vesical arteries

Question 9

Distal portion of umbilical A is

Answer 9

Obliterated

Continues forward as medial umbilical lig

Question 10

Uterine artery is homologous to

Answer 10

Artery of ductus deferens

Question 11

Internal iliac A is the major blood supplier to pelvis

Answer 11

NOT the only

Gonadal, superior rectal and medial sacral A

Question 12

Most pelvic structures drain into

Answer 12

Caval system

Rectum and anal canal have some portal drainage

Question 13

L and R common iliac V unite to form

Answer 13

Inferior vena cava

Question 14

Sacral plexus formed by

Answer 14

Lumbosacral trunk

Anterior primary rami of S1-4

Question 15

Superior gluteal N exits pelvis through

Answer 15

Greater sciatic foramen

SUPERIOR to piriformis

Question 16

Superior gluteal N supplies

Answer 16

Gluteus medius and minimus

Tensor fascia latae

Question 17

Inferior gluteal N exits pelvis through

Answer 17

Greater sciatic foramen

Inferior to piriformis

Question 18

Inferior gluteal N supplies

Answer 18

Gluteus maximus

Question 19

What nerve functions in trunk control and standing from seated position

Answer 19

Inferior gluteal N

Question 20

Largest N in body

Answer 20

Sciatic N

Question 21

N to obturator internus muscle supplies

Answer 21

Obturator internus and superior gemellus

Question 22

N to quadratus femoris muscle supplies

Answer 22

Quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus muscles

Question 23

Posterior cutaneous N of thigh supplies

Answer 23

Sensory to part of gluteal region and perineum

Question 24

Compromise of N to piriformis muscle results in

Answer 24

Piriformis syndrome

Question 25

Compromise of N to levator ani and coccygeus muscles causes

Answer 25

Problems in pelvic floor integrity, parturition, incontinence

Question 26

Compromise in N to external anal sphincter causes

Answer 26

Fecal incontinence

Question 27

Compromise of pudendal N causes

Answer 27

Sexual dysfunction

Question 28

Coccygeal plexus formed by

Answer 28

Ventral rami of S4 and S5 and coccygeal N

Question 29

L and R sympathetic trunks join together to form

Answer 29

Ganglion impar In front of coccyx

Question 30

Superior hypogastric plexus contains what fibers type

Answer 30

Sympathetic fibers | Visceral afferent

Question 31

L and R hypogastric nerves

Answer 31

Connect superior and inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 32

L and R inferior hypogastric plexuses formed by union of

Answer 32

Hypogastric Pelvic splanchnic Sacral splanchnic

Question 33

Inferior hypogastric plexuses contain

Answer 33

Sympathetic Parasympathetic Visceral afferent

Question 34

Sacral splanchnic N are

Answer 34

Sympathetic

Question 35

Pelvic splanchnic N are

Answer 35

Parasympathetic

Question 36

Rectosigmoid junction

Answer 36

Upper limit of rectum Middle of sacrum

Question 37

Anorectal junction

Answer 37

Lower limit of rectum

Question 38

Rectum has no ____ but does have ____

Answer 38

Mesentery Omental appendices Haustra Taeniae coli

Question 39

Peritoneum of Upper third of rectum

Answer 39

Peritoneum covers front and sides

Question 40

Peritoneum in middle third of rectum covers

Answer 40

Front

Question 41

Peritoneum covering in lower third of rectum

Answer 41

NONE

Question 42

Anal canal is portion of LI between

Answer 42

Pelvic diaphragm and anus

Question 43

Anal columns

Answer 43

5-10 longitudinal folds of mucosa in upper half of anal canal

Question 44

Each anal column contains branches of

Answer 44

Superior rectal A and V

Question 45

Anal valves

Answer 45

Crescent-shaped folds that connect lower ends of anal columns

Question 46

Anal sinuses

Answer 46

Recesses located between anal valves

Question 47

Pectinate line

Answer 47

Lower limit of anal valves

Question 48

Anal pectem

Answer 48

Bluish white zone inferior to pectinate line

Question 49

Anocutaneous line

Answer 49

Distal termination where it meets the skin

Question 50

Internal anal sphincter

Answer 50

Smooth muscle layer INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

Question 51

External anal sphincter

Answer 51

Skeletal muscle layer VOLUNTARY CONTROL

Question 52

External anal sphincter parts

Answer 52

Subcutaneous Superficial Deep

Question 53

Function of external anal sphincter

Answer 53

Closes anal orifice | **Voluntary

Question 54

Internal hemorrhoids

Answer 54

Varicosities of superior rectal vein Bulging of anal columns Above pec line Painless

Question 55

External hemorrhoids

Answer 55

Varicosities of inferior rectal vein Below pectinate line Painful

Question 56

Causes of hemorrhoids

Answer 56

Anything that increases intra-abdominal pressure

Question 57

High risk group for hemorrhoids

Answer 57

Long distance truck drivers

Question 58

Where does fecal material accumulate

Answer 58

Sigmoid colon NOT rectum

Question 59

Sigmoid colon empties contents into ____ through ____

Answer 59

Rectum Mass peristaltic movement

Question 60

What muscles contract to increase pressure within rectum

Answer 60

Longitudinal muscle layer of rectum and ant abd wall

Question 61

What happens when Puborectalis relaxes

Answer 61

Decreasing angle of perineal flexure

Question 62

Internal anal sphincter is opened by

Answer 62

Increase in pressure

Question 63

External anal sphincter is relaxes under

Answer 63

Voluntary control

Question 64

Urinary bladder located below

Answer 64

Peritoneum

Question 65

Urinary bladder is slightly lower in

Answer 65

Females

Question 66

Size, shape and position of bladder vary depending on

Answer 66

Age and amount of urine

Question 67

When empty bladder is entirely within

Answer 67

Pelvis Rests against pubic and pelvic floor

Question 68

As bladder fills, it rises into

Answer 68

Abdomen As high as umbilicus

Question 69

At birth bladder is _____shaped

Answer 69

Spindle

Question 70

Superior and 2 inferolateral surfaces meet in front to form

Answer 70

Apex of bladder

Question 71

Inferolateral surfaces and fundus meet below to form

Answer 71

Neck of bladder

Question 72

In female ____ overlies the bladder

Answer 72

Body of uterus

Question 73

Retropubic space

Answer 73

U-shaped; between pubis and bladder

Question 74

Retropubic space contains

Answer 74

Retropubic fat pad

Question 75

Cushioning of retropubic fat pad insufficient in runners may result in

Answer 75

Blood in urine after long run

Question 76

Ligaments that hold bladder in place

Answer 76

Puboprostatic | Lateral lig of bladder

Question 77

Trigone of bladder

Answer 77

Smooth triangular structure

Question 78

Openings of trigone

Answer 78

Internal urethral orifice * below and in front Two ureteric orifices * above and behind

Question 79

The trigone forms flap valve, ureter is compressed when

Answer 79

Bladder is full and during micturition

Question 80

Function of flap valve

Answer 80

During micturition prevents reflux of urine to kidney

Question 81

Interureteric crest

Answer 81

Between each of ureteric orifices

Question 82

Uvula of bladder

Answer 82

Median ridge extends above and behind internal urethral orifice

Question 83

Detrusor muscle

Answer 83

Bundles of smooth within wall of bladder

Question 84

Internal urethral sphincter

Answer 84

Circular layer of smooth muscle around neck of bladder | MALES ONLY

Question 85

Internal urethral sphincter prevents

Answer 85

Reflux of semen into bladder

Question 86

Veins of bladder empty into

Answer 86

Internal iliac vein

Question 87

Innervation of bladder

Answer 87

Prostatic and vesical plexuses

Question 88

What initiates micturition reflex

Answer 88

Bladder fullness

Question 89

Activation of PS fibers causes

Answer 89

Contraction of detrusor Relaxation of internal urethral sphincter (males)

Question 90

External urethral sphincter is relaxes under

Answer 90

Voluntary control

Question 91

Sacral misalignment affects

Answer 91

Voluntary control and causes nocturnal enuresis

Question 92

Ductus deferens begins at ____ and travels within ___

Answer 92

Tail of epididymis; spermatic cord

Question 93

Ductus deferens carries

Answer 93

Sperm From testis to ejaculatory duct

Question 94

Ductus deferens crosses over ____ and descends _____

Answer 94

Ureter; posterior to bladder

Question 95

Ductus deferens joins _____ to form _____

Answer 95

Duct of seminal vesicle; ejaculatory duct

Question 96

Vasectomy

Answer 96

MC technique for male sterilization

Question 97

Seminal vesicles are

Answer 97

Lobulated glandular structures

Question 98

Seminal vesicles lie _____

Answer 98

Lateral to ampullae of ductus deferens Against fundus of bladder

Question 99

Seminal vesicles function

Answer 99

Produce alkaline component of semen

Question 100

Alkaline component of semen function

Answer 100

Neutralize vaginal acidity

Question 101

Do seminal vesicles store sperm

Answer 101

NO

Question 102

Ejaculatory duct formed by

Answer 102

Union of ductus deferens w/ duct of seminal vesicle

Question 103

Ejaculatory ducts open onto

Answer 103

Seminal colliculus

Question 104

Most important blood supply for male reproductive organ

Answer 104

Inferior vesical artery