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Gross II > Exam 3: Peritoneum > Flashcards

Exam 3: Peritoneum Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

Peritoneum

A

Smooth membrane that lines abdominal cavity

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2
Q

2 types of peritoneum

A

Parietal and visceral

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3
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Lines abdominal walls

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4
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

Covers abdominal organs

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5
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Potential space between parietal and visceral peritoneum

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6
Q

Peritoneal cavity in male

A

Completely closed sac

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7
Q

What connects parietal to visceral peritoneum

A

Mesentery

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8
Q

In female, peritoneal cavity communicates w/ exterior through

A

Uterine tubes

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9
Q

Test for patency of uterine tubes

A

Dye in uterus, should enter uterine tubes and then peritoneal cavity; if not, obstruction

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10
Q

Functions of peritoneum

A

Minimize friction
Resist infection
Fat storage

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11
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Posterior to peritoneum

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12
Q

Duodenum and pancreas are mostly

A

Retroperitoneal

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13
Q

Innervation of peritoneum

A 
Phrenic
Intercostal
Subcostal
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
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14
Q

Phrenic nerve refers pain to

A

Shoulder, causes hiccups in peritonitis

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15
Q

Peritoneum that is very sensitive to pain

A

Parietal

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16
Q

Peritoneum that is insensitive to pain

A

Visceral

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17
Q

Omenta mean

A

Apron

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18
Q

Omentum

A

Broad, apronlike reflection of peritoneum

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19
Q

2 omenta within abdominal cavity

A

Greater and lesser

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20
Q

Greater omentum connects to

A

Greater curvature of stomach

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21
Q

Greater omentum reflects posteriorly to attach to

A

Transverse colon and transverse mesocolon

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22
Q

3 parts of greater omentum

A

Gastrophrenic lig
Gastrosplenic lig
Gastrocolic lig

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23
Q

Gastrophrenic connects

A

Greater curvature and diaphragm

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24
Q

Gastrosplenic lig connects

A

Greater curvature and spleen

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25
Gastrocolic lig connects
Greater curvature and transverse colon
26
Greater omentum is ____ and adheres to ____
Very mobile; areas of inflammation
27
Greater omentum adhering to areas of inflammation restricts
Spread of infection
28
Greater omentum often referred to as
Abdominal policeman
29
Lesser omentum extends from _____ to ______
Porta hepatis to lesser curvature of stomach
30
2 parts of lesser omentum
Hepatogastric lig | Hepatoduodenal lig
31
Hepatogastric lig connects
Liver and lesser curvature
32
Hepatoduodenal lig connects
Liver and duodenum
33
“General” definition of mesentery
Any double layer of peritoneum which connects portion of intestine to body wall
34
“Mesentery proper”
Double layer of peritoneum connects jejunum and ileum to body wall
35
Mesentery of jejunum and ileum
Suspends jejunum and ileum from posterior body wall Transmits nerve and vessels
36
Transverse mesocolon
Connects transverse colon to posterior wall
37
Sigmoid mesocolon
Connects sigmoid colon to pelvic wall
38
Mesoappendix
Connects appendix to mesentery of ileum
39
Phrenicocolic ligament
Attach left colic flexure to diaphragm Suspends L colic flexure in more superior position that R
40
Subdivisions peritoneal cavity
``` Omental bursa (lesser sac) Greater sac ```
41
Omental bursa location
Posterior to liver, lesser omentum, and stomach
42
Omental sac is a closed sac except for
Omental foramen — opening into greater sac
43
Greater sac extends from
Diaphragm to pelvic floor
44
Subdivisions of greater sac
``` Right subphrenic space Left subphrenic space Subhepatic space Right paracolic gutter Left paracolic gutter ```
45
Right subphrenic space location
Below diaphragm, above liver, right of falciform lig
46
Left subphrenic space
Below diaphragm, above stomach, left of falciform lig
47
Subhepatic space location
Between liver and transverse colon
48
Recess within subhepatic space
Hepatorenal recess
49
Hepatorenal recess location
Posterosuperior extension of subhepatic space Between liver and R kidney
50
Right paracolic gutter location
Lateral to ascending colon
51
Left paracolic gutter
Lateral to descending colon
52
Omental foramen
Opening between omental bursa and greater sac
53
Structures which pass through porta hepatis
``` Bile duct (R) Hepatic artery proper (L) Portal vein (behind) ```
54
3 independent parts of GI tract embryologically
Foregut Midgut Hindgut
55
Foregut forms
Distal esophagus Stomach Part of duodenum
56
Foregut ends within
2nd part of duodenum (entrance of bile duct)
57
Midgut begins and ends at
Entrance of bile duct to right 2/3 of transverse colon
58
Hindgut begins and ends with
Left 1/3 of transverse colon to upper part of anal canal
59
Foregut blood supply
Branches of celiac trunk
60
Midgut blood supply
Branches of superior mesenteric artery
61
Hindgut blood supply
Branches of inferior mesenteric artery
62
Foregut sympathetic innervation
``` Greater splanchnic (T5-9) Lesser splanchnic (T10-11) ```
63
Midgut sympathetic innervation
``` Greater splanchnic (T5-9) Lesser splanchnic (T10-11) ```
64
Hindgut sympathetic innervation
Lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-2)
65
Foregut para sympathetic innervation
Vagus nerve
66
Midgut parasympathetic innervation
Vagus nerve
67
Hindgut parasympathetic innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)
68
Sympathetic activation effect on GI tract
Decreases motility and tone | Contracts sphincters
69
Parasympathetic activation effect on GI tract
Increases motility and tone | Relaxes sphincters
70
4 major layers of gut wall
Mucosa Submucosa Muscularis externa Serosa/adventitia
71
Mucosa
Mucous membrane Innermost layer Contains muscularis mucosae
72
Muscularis mucosae
Thin layer of smooth muscle
73
Submucosa
Loose CT layer | Contains blood vessels and lymphatics
74
Muscularis externa
Thick layer of smooth muscle
75
Muscularis externa is responsible for
Peristalsis
76
2 layers of muscularis externa
Inner circular layer | Outer longitidunal layer
77
Reverse peristalsis results in
Puking
78
Serosa
Visceral peritoneum
79
Adventitia
Covers retroperitoneal organs
80
Enteric nervous system
Nerves specific to gut
81
ENS if semi-independent of
CNS
82
2 parts of ENS
Submucosal plexus | Myenteric plexus
83
Submucosal plexus location
Within submucosa
84
Submucosal plexus supplies
Muscularis mucosae and mucus secreting glands
85
Myenteric plexus location
Between circular and longitudinal layers of muscularis externa
86
Myenteric plexus supplies
Smooth muscle layers
87
Myenteric plexus stimulates
Peristalsis

Gross II (29 decks)

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