Exam 3: Clinical Features

Question 1

Extravasation of urine happens between which layers

Answer 1

Scarpa’s and deep fascia

Question 2

In extravasation of urine, urine spreads

Answer 2

Superiorly

Question 3

Extravasation of urine more common in

Answer 3

Males

Question 4

Indirect inguinal hernia goes through

Answer 4

Deep ring, inguinal canal and superficial ring

Question 5

Indirect inguinal hernia descends into

Answer 5

Scrotum

Question 6

Indirect inguinal hernias pass ____ to inferior epigastric vessels

Answer 6

Lateral

Question 7

Indirect inguinal hernias are

Answer 7

Congenital or acquired

Question 8

Indirect inguinal hernia accounts for ____ of inguinal hernias

Answer 8

75%

Question 9

Direct inguinal hernias go through

Answer 9

Posterior wall of inguinal canal

Question 10

Direct inguinal hernias pass ____ to inferior epigastric vessels

Answer 10

Medial

Question 11

Direct inguinal hernias are always

Answer 11

Acquired

Usually men over 40

Question 12

Cryptochorchidism

Answer 12

Testes undescended at birth

Question 13

______ increases risk of cryptorchidism

Answer 13

Prematurity

Question 14

Cryptorchidism is usually

Answer 14

Unilateral

Question 15

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Answer 15

Increases in size of pyloric sphincter — reduces size of pyloric canal

Question 16

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is more common in

Answer 16

Males

Question 17

Pylorospasm

Answer 17

Spasmotic contraction of pyloric sphincter

Question 18

Pylorospasm results in

Answer 18

Food not passing into SI, resulting in vomiting

Question 19

Subluxation of ____ may play role in pylorospasm

Answer 19

T5-9 (greater splanchnic)

Question 20

Duodenal ulcers most commonly occur in

Answer 20

Duodenal cap

Question 21

Duodenal ulcer can result in erosion of

Answer 21

Gastroduodenal A

Results in severe hemorrhage

Question 22

Ilead (Meckel’s) Diverticulum

Answer 22

Remnant of portion of embryonic vitelline duct

Question 23

Ileal Diverticulum presents as

Answer 23

Fingerlike pouches which project from distal ileum

Question 24

Crohn’s disease most commonly affects

Answer 24

Distal ileum and adjacent colon

Question 25

Crohn’s disease presents as

Answer 25

Cobblestone radiographic image

Question 26

Appendicitis is the most common

Answer 26

Intra-abdominal contidion

Question 27

Symptoms of appendicitis

Answer 27

Umbilical pain localized in RL quadrant

Question 28

Diverticulosis

Answer 28

Herniation’s of mucosa of colon through muscular layer | NO inflammation

Question 29

Diverticulitis

Answer 29

Diverticuli that are inflamed

Question 30

Diverticulitis due to

Answer 30

Low fiber diet

Question 31

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 31

Inflammation and ulceration of rectum and lower colon

Question 32

How ulcerative colitis appears radiographically

Answer 32

Bowel appears constricted

Question 33

Irritable bowel syndrome AKA

Answer 33

Spastic colon

Question 34

Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms

Answer 34

Recurrent ab pain and diarrhea WITHOUT inflammation

Question 35

Irritable bowel syndrome has no know cause but may be linked to

Answer 35

Stress and anxiety

Question 36

Cirrhosis of the liver characterized by

Answer 36

Destruction of hepatic cells

Question 37

In cirrhosis, liver becomes

Answer 37

Hard and nodule and constricts portal vein

Question 38

Causes of cirrhosis

Answer 38

Alcoholism and hepatitis

Question 39

Portal hypertension

Answer 39

Abnormal elevation of pressure in portal system

Question 40

In portal hypertension blood backs up into

Answer 40

Caval system at anastomoses

Question 41

Gallstones are solidified

Answer 41

Bile constituents (cholesterol)

Question 42

Gallstones MC impacted at

Answer 42

Sphincter of ampulla **bile backs up into pancreas**

Question 43

Rupture of pancreas hammer/anvil

Answer 43

Steering wheel = hammer | Vertebral column = anvil

Question 44

Most frequently injured organ

Answer 44

Spleen

Question 45

Spleen is vulnerable to blows to

Answer 45

Left hypochondrium

Question 46

Rupture results in severe

Answer 46

Hemorrhage and shock

Question 47

Risk factors for rupture of spleen

Answer 47

Mono Malria Sickle-cell anemia Septicemia