Exam 3.2

Question 1

Mentally ill inmates

Answer 1

have difficulty obtaining parole due to discipline problems

Question 2

Ohio’s prison mental health system

Answer 2

is considered one of the best

Question 3

Threshold dose

Answer 3

the minimum amount required to produce a therapeutic or psychoactive effect

Question 4

Effective dose

Answer 4

the dose needed to produce a desired effect

Question 5

Lethal dose

Answer 5

the amount that will cause death

Question 6

Synergistic drug interaction

Answer 6

potentiating, effect of 2 drugs is greater than the sum of each drug (2+2=7)

Question 7

Additive drug interaction

Answer 7

2+2=4

Question 8

Antagonistic drug interaction

Answer 8

complete or partial canceling effect, 2+2=0

Question 9

Independent drug interaction

Answer 9

drugs have no effect on one another

Question 10

Risk factors

Answer 10

increase the probability of drug use

Question 11

Protective factors

Answer 11

decrease the probability of drug use

Question 12

Legal drugs (licit)

Answer 12

includes those that can be closely regulated, likely regulated, and not regulated, alcohol, nicotine, otc, prescription

Question 13

Illegal drugs and controlled substances (illicit)

Answer 13

regulated by Controlled Substances Act of 1970, marijuana, stimulants, depressants, club drugs, designer drugs, anabolic drugs, inhalants

Question 14

Alcohol

Answer 14

1 drug problem in US

Question 15

Alcohol issues

Answer 15

binge, underage, problem drinkers

Question 16

Alcoholism

Answer 16

physical dependence, tolerance and withdrawal present, loss of control

Question 17

Cost of alcohol abuse

Answer 17

$220 billion

Question 18

Blood alcohol concentration

Answer 18

percentage of concentration of alcohol in blood, .08% considered intoxication in most states

Question 19

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-V)

Answer 19

identifies and describes mental disorders, provides diagnostic instructions for each, has significant implications for whether a treatment should be reimbursed by insurance

Question 20

Nicotine

Answer 20

psychoactive and addictive drug found in cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipe tobacco, and e-cigarettes, produces tolerance and withdrawal

Question 21

Nicotine is the #1 drug in terms of

Answer 21

its direct impact on mortality and health of users

Question 22

Environmental tobacco smoke

Answer 22

a human class A carcinogen (same as asbestos), aggravates asthma

Question 23

Harmful components of tobacco smoke

Answer 23

tar, CO, nicotine

Question 24

Impact of nicotine addiction

Answer 24

20.4% of HS seniors smoke, accounts for 443,000 deaths each year, accounts for loss of $193 billion

Question 25

Synar Amendment

Answer 25

prohibits distribution of tobacco products to those under 18 years old

Question 26

Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (2009)

Answer 26

FDA has oversight over tobacco products

Question 27

Over the Counter drugs

Answer 27

legal drugs other than alcohol and tobacco that can be purchased without a prescription, carefullly regulated by FDA, most provide symptomatic relief not a cure, subject to misuse and abuse

Question 28

Prescription drugs

Answer 28

can be purchased only with a prescription, some people have serious side effects, regulated by FDA, over 4000 available, subject to misuse and abuse

Question 29

Concerns with prescription drugs include

Answer 29

dependence, adverse reactions, resistant pathogens, unintentional overdose

Question 30

Controlled Substances Act of 1970

Answer 30

Schedule I-cannot be cultivated, manufactured, bought, sold, or used in US, no accepted medical uses, high potential for abuse; Schedule II-medical uses, scheduled based on potential for risk of dependence or abuse

Question 31

Drug Enforcement Agency

Answer 31

responsible for enforcing Controlled Substances Act

Question 32

Illicit drug issues

Answer 32

drug trafficking and associated violence, crime, communicable disease, addiction, and detrimental community impacts, injection users are at high risk for bloodborne pathogens

Question 33

Marijuana

Answer 33

derived from hemp plant, most abused illicit drug in US, produces tolerance but no withdrawal

Question 34

Acute effects of marijuana use

Answer 34

reduced concentration, slowed reaction time, impaired short term memory, impaired judgment

Question 35

Chronic effects of marijuana use

Answer 35

damage to lungs, amotivational syndrome

Question 36

Other concerns with marijuana use

Answer 36

brings people in contact with those involved in illegal activities, often involves polydrug use

Question 37

Narcotics

Answer 37

numb the senses and reduce pain, high potential for abuse, produce tolerance and physical dependence

Question 38

Synthetic narcotics

Answer 38

oxycontin and codiene

Question 39

Opium and its derivatives

Answer 39

morphine and heroin, come from an oriental poppy plant

Question 40

Concerns of narcotic abuse

Answer 40

drug trafficking and associated violence, crime, communicable disease, addiction, etc., bloodborne pathogens in injection users

Question 41

Stimulants

Answer 41

drugs that increase the activity of the CNS, produce rapid tolerance and withdrawal

Question 42

Common types of stimulants

Answer 42

cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, ephedra

Question 43

Formication

Answer 43

the sensation that bugs are crawling under the skin

Question 44

Hallucinogens

Answer 44

produce illusions, changes in perceptions, synesthesia, naturally derived and synthetic, produces tolerance but not withdrawal (some disagreement)

Question 45

Common types of hallucinogens

Answer 45

LSD, mescaline (peyote), psilocybin (mushrooms)

Question 46

Depressants

Answer 46

slow the CNS, may lower anxiety and inhibitions, produces tolerance and withdrawal, strong physical dependence

Question 47

Common types of depressants

Answer 47

alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines (xanax and valium), methaqualone

Question 48

Club drugs and designer drugs

Answer 48

may have similar effects as other drugs but often have multiple effects that make them difficult to classify, often produced synthetically in labs

Question 49

Examples of club and designer drugs

Answer 49

MDMA (ecstasy) is the most popular, rohypnol (date rape drug)

Question 50

Anabolic drugs

Answer 50

protein-building, have some legitimate medical uses, sometimes abused by athletes and body builders, acute and chronic side effects