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Anatomy > Exam:4 Lymphatics > Flashcards

Exam:4 Lymphatics Flashcards

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1
Q

Provides defense mechanisms that guards against invasion from foreign substances

A

Lymphatic system

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2
Q

The lymphatic system includes

A

organs, lymph vessels, and lymph nodes.

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3
Q

What end of the capillaries have blood pressure that forces fluid from blood to interstitial spaces

A

Arterial ends

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4
Q

Most of the interstitial fluid is reabsorbed at the

A

Venous end of capillaries

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5
Q

Approximately how much fluid doesn’t make its way back into venous return

A

3 liters of fluid per day

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6
Q

Reabsorb excess fluid and return it to the venous circulation

A

Lymph vessels

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7
Q

Poor reabsorption of fluid is called

A

Edema

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8
Q

Lymph vessels are around the

A

GI tract

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9
Q

Lymph vessels also

A

Transport dietary lipids called lacteals

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10
Q

What traps fluid in a one way valve system formed by _ ?

A

Lymphatic capillaries, overlapping cells

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11
Q

Lymphatic capillaries merge to form

A

Lymphatic vessels

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12
Q

What is similar to veins

A

Lymphatic vessels

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13
Q

Lymphatic vessels characteristics

A

3 tunics and valves

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14
Q

_ bring lymph to a node and __ carry it away

A

Afferent lymphatic vessels, efferent vessels

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15
Q

Lymph includes

A

Interstitial fluid and solutes which enter lymph vessels

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16
Q

Delivers blood to capillary bed

A

Arteriole

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17
Q

Order of lymph

A

Vessels to trunks to ducts

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18
Q

Lymphatic trunks form from merging

A

Lymphatic vessels

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19
Q

Lymphatic trunk function

A

Drain lymph from major body regions

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20
Q

Jugular trunk drains lymph from

A

Head and neck

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21
Q

Subclavian trunks drain lymph from

A

Upper extremities, breasts, thoracic wall

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22
Q

Bronchomediastinal trunks drain lymph from

A

Deep thoracic structures

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23
Q

Intestinal trunks drain most of the

A

Abdominal structures

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24
Q

Lumbar trunk drains lymph from

A

Lower extremities and pelvis

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25
Largest of lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic ducts
26
The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from
Right upper extremity and right side of head, neck, and thorax
27
The thoracic duct drains lymph from
Everywhere but right upper extremity, neck, head, and thorax
28
The right lymphatic duct empties at the
Junction of the right subclavian vein and right internal jugular vein
29
Thoracic duct empties at the
Junction of the left subclavian vein and left internal jugular vein
30
__ Receives a milky lymphatic fluid (chyle) from the _ and is continuous superiority with the _
Cysterna chyli ; small intestine; thoracic duct
31
Lymphatic cells are located in the
Cardiovascular and lymphatic system
32
Lymphatic cells include
Macrophages and lymphocytes (agranulocytes) and dendritic cells
33
What are macrophages
Monocytes that have migrated into Lymphatic system from bloodstream
34
Function of macrophages
Responsible for phagocytosis of foreign substances
35
Dendritic cells are located in
Lymphatic nodules
36
Function of dendritic cells
Antigen presenting cells
37
Most abundant of cells in lymphatic system
Lymphocytes
38
T lymphocytes account for
70-85% of all lymphocytes
39
Main types of T lymphocytes are
Helper, cytotoxic, and memory
40
Helper t lymphocytes characteristics
Recognize 1 specific type of invader, begin a defense against antigen, activated by antigen
41
Helper t lymphocytes go through __ and release ?
Mitosis, cytokines
42
Cytotoxic t lymphocytes function
Come in contact with foreign cells and kills them, right away
43
Memory t lymphocytes arise from
T lymphocytes that have encountered a foreign anitigen
44
Gives rise to plasma cells
Memory t lymphocytes
45
Plasma cell functions
Secrete antibodies that immobilize antigen
46
Memory b lymphocytes protect against
Further attacks by same antigen
47
Account for 15-30% of all lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
48
B lymphocytes are activated by
Helper t lymphocytes
49
B lymphocytes divide and differentiate into
Plasma cells and memory B lymphocytes
50
Plasma cells secrete
immunoglobulins which attach to antigen
51
NK cells can kill
A wide variety of infected cells including tumor formation
52
NK cells can respond to an
Invader cell on their own
53
Process of lymphocyte development and maturation
Lymphopoisesis
54
All lymphocytes originate in
Red bone marrow
55
B lymphocytes and natural killer cells…
Differentiate and mature in red bone marrow
56
T lymphocytes differentiate and mature in
The thymus during childhood
57
Clusters of lymphatic cells
Lymphatic nodules
58
Filter and attack antigens
Lymphatic nodules
59
Large clusters of lymphatic cells surrounded by connective tissue capsule
Tonsils
60
Large collections of lymphatic nodules in the mucosa of digestive, respiratory, snd urinary tracts
MALT- mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
61
Lymphatic organs are lymphatic cells within an
Extracellular connective tissue matrix surrounded by CT capsule
62
The thymus cortex contains
Immature t lymphocytes, nurse cells, and macrophages
63
The thymus Medulla contains
Mature t lymphocytes and some epithelial cells
64
Largest lymphoid organ
Spleen
65
Divided into red pulp and white pulp, surrounding by capsule
Spleen
66
Consists of circular clusters of lymphatic cells to monitor blood for foreign materials, bacteria, and other antigens
White pulp
67
Contains extra supply of erythrocytes and platelets if needed
Red pulp
68
Ovid structures along lymph vessels, located mainly where
Lymph nodes, mainly in axillary and groin area
69
Filter antigens from lymph and initiate immune respond when necessary
Lymph nodes
70
Lymphatic nodules consist of
B lymphocytes and macrophages in germinal center surrounded by T- lymphocytes
71
Swelling of a body point as a result to damage to or removal of lymphatic vessels and nodes
Lymphedema

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