Exam 4: Reproductive

Question 1

this part of the sperm contains the nucleus and chromosomes, including the enzymes essential to fertilization

Answer 1

head

Question 2

GnRH stimulates the AP to release which hormones?

Answer 2

FSH and LH

Question 3

this part of the sperm contains mitochondria

Answer 3

mid piece

Question 4

where are sperm produced?

Answer 4

seminiferous tubules

Question 5

where are sperm stored and matured?

Answer 5

epididymis

Question 6

what is the pathway of sperm in ejaculation after leaving the epididymis?

Answer 6

vas deferens to ejaculatory duct to urethra

Question 7

what is released during ovulation?

Answer 7

the secondary oocyte

Question 8

which cells make testosterone?

Answer 8

Leydig cells

Question 9

most common site of fertilization

Answer 9

fallopian tubes

Question 10

what are the 2 zones of the endometrium of the uterus?

Answer 10

stratum basalis and functionalis

Question 11

what are the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 11

menstrual, proliferative, secretory

Question 12

middle muscle layer of uterus; contracts to expel baby at birth

Answer 12

myometrium

Question 13

when does spermatogenesis begin?

Answer 13

at puberty

Question 14

regulates temperature for spermatogenesis

Answer 14

scrotum

Question 15

outer connective tissue layer of uterus

Answer 15

perimetrium

Question 16

narrow bottom region of uterus

Answer 16

cervix

Question 17

this produces mucus to lubricate the glans penis, and it neutralizes acid in the urethra

Answer 17

bulbourethral gland

Question 18

what triggers ovulation?

Answer 18

high LH levels

Question 19

what does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 19

estrogen and progesterone

Question 20

at what point in the ovarian cycle does ovulation occur?

Answer 20

halfway, between follicular and luteal

Question 21

why does semen have a high pH?

Answer 21

to neutralize female tract

Question 22

which zone of the endometrium of the uterus undergoes cyclical changes?

Answer 22

stratum functionalis

Question 23

when does bleeding start?

Answer 23

beginning of follicular phase (Day 1)

Question 24

what hormones are produced by the ovaries?

Answer 24

estrogen and progesterone

Question 25

this part of the male sexual response is under parasympathetic control

Answer 25

erection

Question 26

menstrual phase: occurs as a result of decline in estrogen and progesterone when corpus luteum degenerates; endometrium is sloughed

Answer 26

menstrual

Question 27

organs that produce gametes and hormones

Answer 27

gonads

Question 28

when does oogenesis begin?

Answer 28

before birth

Question 29

after ovulation, what does the remaining follicle become?

Answer 29

a corpus luteum

Question 30

menstrual phase: occurs while ovaries are in luteal phase; secretion of progesterone stimulates development of uterine glands; endometrium could nourish a growing embryo

Answer 30

secretory

Question 31

what releases gonadotropin releasing hormone?

Answer 31

hypothalamus

Question 32

what causes menopauses?

Answer 32

changes in ovaries

Question 33

what produces about 30% of semen volume?

Answer 33

prostate gland

Question 34

what does FSH stimulate?

Answer 34

estrogen and follicle development

Question 35

structures that wrap around the ovaries and catch the oocyte after ovulation

Answer 35

fimbriae

Question 36

what produces about 60% of semen volume?

Answer 36

seminal vesicles

Question 37

secrete fluids into ducts

Answer 37

accessory glands

Question 38

characterized by increasing levels of estrogen production, reaching a high around Day 12; initiated by FSH, which will stimulate production of LH

Answer 38

follicular phase

Question 39

after ovulation, LH stimulates the ruptured follicle to become a corpus luteum; shuts down follicle development to prevent further ovulation

Answer 39

luteal phase

Question 40

what are the 3 phases of the ovaries?

Answer 40

follicular, ovulation, luteal

Question 41

collectively known as external genitalia

Answer 41

perineal structures

Question 42

inner layer of uterus where embryo implants and develops

Answer 42

endometrium

Question 43

when does the corpus luteum degenerate?

Answer 43

at the end of the luteal phase

Question 44

site of embryonic development

Answer 44

uterus

Question 45

structures that receive and transport gametes

Answer 45

ducts

Question 46

which type of cell reproduction results in cells with 23 chromosomes?

Answer 46

meiosis

Question 47

what stimulates testosterone secretion?

Answer 47

LH

Question 48

menstrual phase: occurs while ovary is in the follicular phase; increasing levels of estrogen stimulate growth of the endometrium

Answer 48

proliferative

Question 49

a sperm count of less than 20 million (considered less fertile)

Answer 49

oligospermia

Question 50

which hormone triggers spermatogenesis?

Answer 50

FSH

Question 51

what are the cell layers of a follicle, from innermost to outermost?

Answer 51

corona radiata and zona pellucida