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PHRM 825 Therapeutics > Exam 5 - Random Info > Flashcards

Exam 5 - Random Info Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 PCOS diagnosis criteria?

A

-hyperandrogenism
-chronic anovulation
-polycystic ovaries

(need 2 of the 3 to confirm diagnosis)

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2
Q

what is the first line treatment for hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularity?

A

combined oral contraceptive (COC)

(usually ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate or norethindrone)

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3
Q

first line treatment in PCOS with type 2 diabetes mellitus and failed lifestyle modifications

A

metformin

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4
Q

true or false: you should consider discontinuing metformin if pregnant

A

true

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5
Q

which statement is FALSE regarding the use of metformin in PCOS?

a. Dose is 500 mg po QD (titrated to maximum of 2000 mg/day)
b. Offers reliable endometrial protection
c. Results may take up to 6 months to be seen
d. Gastrointestinal side effects will decrease after 2-3 weeks

A

b. Offers reliable endometrial protection

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6
Q

true or false: topical Vaniqa (eflornithine) is 2nd line treatment for hyperandrogenism

A

false

(3rd line; it is for facial hair only)

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7
Q

letrozole is FDA approved for treatment of what disease?

A

breast cancer

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8
Q

letrozole is in what drug class?

A

aromatase inhibitors

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9
Q

first line treatment for anovulation

A

letrozole

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10
Q

true or false: spironolactone is teratogenic

A

true

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11
Q

true or false: aromatase inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy

A

true

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12
Q

what do we have to monitor when taking spironolactone?

A

K+ levels

(can cause inc in potassium levels)

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13
Q

what do we have to monitor when taking spironolactone?

A

K+ levels

(spironolactone can cause inc in potassium levels)

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14
Q

progestins prevent ___ surge

A

LH

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15
Q

ovulatory factors for female infertility (3)

A

-hypothalamic pituitary failure
-dysfunc. of hypothalamic-pituitary ovarian axis
-ovarian failure

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16
Q

dysmenorrhea first line

A

NSAID

17
Q

NSAID mech of action

A

inhibits COX, leading to decrease in prostaglandin production

18
Q

oral contraceptive therapy mech of action

A

inhibition of endometrial tissue proliferation, leading to decreased endometrial production and leukotrienes

19
Q

levonorgestrel IUD and DMPA mechanism of action

A

related to amenorrhea side effect

20
Q

treatment for amenorrhea, dopamine agonists (2 drugs)

A

-bromocriptine
-cabergoline

(if amenorrhea is caused by medications that increase prolactin levels)

21
Q

bromocriptine half life

A

3 hours

22
Q

cabergoline half life

A

65 hours

23
Q

oligomenorrhea is menstrual cycle interval > ___ days (but less than 90 days)

A

35 days

24
Q

polymenorrhea is menstrual cycle interval < ___ days

A

21 days

25
Q

is tranexamic acid hormonal or non-hormonal?

A

non-hormonal

(usually reserved for those unable to take CHCs or wanting to conceive)

26
Q

tranexamic acid mechanism of action

A

antifibrinolytic - prevents the degradation of blood clots

27
Q

metrorrhagia in irregular menstrual bleeding _____ cycles

A

between

28
Q

danazol is second line for what condition?

A

endometriosis

29
Q

danazol mechanism of action

A

androgen that suppresses FSH and LH production

(danazol has a lot of side effects)

30
Q

black box warning for danazol

A

thromboembolism

31
Q

true or false: danazol is CI in pregnancy and breastfeeding

A

true

32
Q

what is the most common pelvic tumor?

A

uterine fibroids

33
Q

smoking is a protective factor for preventing what?

A

uterine fibroids

34
Q

true or false: GnRH agonists and SPRM’s are used to treat uterine fibroids

A

true

(ex. mifepristone and ulipristal are SPRMs)

35
Q

supplements for PMS/PMDD (3)

A

-calcium (elemental of 1200 mg/day)
-magnesium (200-400 mg/day)
-vitamin B, D, E

36
Q

first line for PMS/PMDD (3)

A

SSRI’s, NSAIDs, spironolactone

(examples of SSRI’s: fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine CR)

37
Q

second line for PMS/PMDD (5)

A

venlafaxine
duloxetine
clomipramine
alprazolam
COC’s

PHRM 825 Therapeutics (25 decks)

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