Exam Review from class -josh

Question 1

ECF volume is controlled by what

Answer 1

Aldosterone

Question 2

ECF osmolarity is controlled by what?

Answer 2

ADH

Question 3

Creatiinine is not reabsorbed by the kidneys, it is a waste product of what?

Answer 3

muscle metabolism

Question 4

does normal creatinine equal good renal fxn?

Answer 4

nope could still have decreased GFR

Question 5

BUN has alot of confounding factors a level of what usually indicats bad GFR

Answer 5

> 50 mg/dL

Question 6

what is teh first thing to go w/ injury to the kidneys?

Answer 6

ability to concentrate urine (you can’t concentrate it)

Question 7

What test is expensive but is a better indication of renal function than creatinine

Answer 7

Cystatin C

Question 8

what is a blanket term to describe bad things that happen to the kidneys?

Answer 8

AKI

Question 9

what is Oliguric AKI UOP

Answer 9

< 400 cc/day

Question 10

What is non-oliguric AKI UOP

Answer 10

> 400 cc/day

Question 11

GFR is determined by what?

Answer 11

ultrafiltration coefficient

Question 12

In the kidneys there are 2 smooth muscle sphincters at teh capillary bed. it can constrict what 2 things

Answer 12

Efferent arterioles
or
Afferent arteriole

Question 13

what is prerenal Azotemia

Answer 13

nothing wrong w/ the kidney but something is making them work harder

Question 14

What is intrarenal Azotemia

Answer 14

problem lies within parenchyma

Question 15

what labs will help you differentiate b/t pre and interrenal Azotemia

Answer 15

BUN/Creatinine and osmolality

Question 16

so if BUN/Creatinine ratio 20 x more BUN than creatine it is what pre or intra renal

Answer 16

Prerenal (BUN is dehydration status indicator-creatinine not reabsorbed)

Question 17

BUN/Creatine ration if 10-20 x more BUN then is it pre or intra renal

Answer 17

Intrarenal

Question 18

if urine osmolality > 500 mOsm/kg what is it pre or inter

Answer 18

pre

Question 19

if urine osmolality is < 400 mOsm/Kg what is it pre or inter renal

Answer 19

interrenal

Question 20

Obstruction of urinary outflow tract is what type of renal faliure?

Answer 20

post

Question 21

does n dopamine work?

Answer 21

nope

Question 22

what drug is know to be renal protective

Answer 22

fenoldopam

Question 23

should you give pt’s in AKI diuretics?

Answer 23

nope doesnt show to help

Question 24

what does PEEP and pneumoperitineum do to RBF?

Answer 24

decreases it

Question 25

what does CPB/ non-pulseatile flow do to renal perfusion? and what does it produce?

Answer 25

Decreases it | produces free radicals

Question 26

what drugs are big offenders for pt's w/ AKI

Answer 26

NSAIDs ace inhibitors aminoglycosides immunosupressents

Question 27

why would pt's w/ AKI get poss RSI and no LMA?

Answer 27

delayed gastric emptying

Question 28

basics to TURP syndrome?

Answer 28

Open venous sinus in prostate allows absorption of irrigation fluid

Question 29

what clotting factors are pro clot

Answer 29

1-13

Question 30

what factors are anticlot

Answer 30

protein c/s Plasmin Plasminogen tpa

Question 31

what is a big preop assessment that can show bleeding disorders?

Answer 31

ask about bleeding gums

Question 32

what are teh major vitamins involved in anemia

Answer 32

B12 & folic Acid

Question 33

what is the most common type of anemia

Answer 33

iron deficiency

Question 34

skeletal malformations with increased severty , will cause intubation problems w/ what type of anemia

Answer 34

Thalassemia

Question 35

Aplastic anemia will show what with labs?

Answer 35

pancytopenia

Question 36

____ or ____ dz can also cause anemia

Answer 36

kidney or liver

Question 37

what type of anemia do you get neuro deficits (parasthesia, gait disturbances, decreased reflexes)

Answer 37

B12

Question 38

what type of anemia is most common in the surgical world?

Answer 38

dilutional anemia

Question 39

1 unit of PRBCs will increase Hgb amd Hct how much

Answer 39

Hgb 1 g | HCT 3%

Question 40

what is the biggest trigger for Sickle cell

Answer 40

hypoxemia

Question 41

what happens when the ODC when 2,3 DPG decreases

Answer 41

shift to left

Question 42

when id teh most common time you will see a decrease in 2,3 DPG levels

Answer 42

stored PRBCs

Question 43

what is te biggest factor for 2,3 DPG levels in stored blood

Answer 43

storage time

Question 44

10-12 units of cryoprecipitate will increase fibrinogen by how much?

Answer 44

100mg/dL

Question 45

stress and anxiety are linked to what GI disturbance?

Answer 45

IBS

Question 46

what GI inflammatory affects the entire thickness of the bowel

Answer 46

Crohn's

Question 47

what GI inflammatory disease affects the inner most lining of the COLON

Answer 47

Ulcertive colitis

Question 48

what age/sex is most effected by Anorexia?

Answer 48

young girls

Question 49

what age/sex is most effected by binging?

Answer 49

older males

Question 50

what eating d/o is associated w/ mallory weiss syndrome or gastroesophageal lacerations?

Answer 50

Bulimia -b/c you throw up so hard you injure the esophagus

Question 51

what is the basics principles w/ malabsorption syndromes?

Answer 51

you body isn't absorbing what it needs

Question 52

what malabsorption syndrome is associated w/ zollinger ellison syndrome?

Answer 52

MEN1

Question 53

what malabsorption syndrome is associated w/ hormone secreting glands?

Answer 53

MEN 2

Question 54

what is worse OHS or OSA

Answer 54

OHS