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RUSVM Pharmacology > Excretion > Flashcards

Excretion Flashcards

1
Q

Routes of drug excretion

A

Renal Hepatic Other

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2
Q

Important processes of renal excretion to pharmacology

A

Glomerular Filtration

Active Tubular Secretion

Tubular Reabsorption

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3
Q

Glomerular filtration is an (active/passive) process

A

Passive

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4
Q

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) depends on

A

arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow

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5
Q

Factors that affect glomerular filtration

A

GFR

Molecular size

Electric charge

Plasma protein binding

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6
Q

Freely Filtered

A

Molecules charged or uncharged that are able to pass through the membrane freely

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7
Q

Active tubular secretion occurs at the

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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8
Q

Organic Cation Transporters (OCTs)

A

In the proximal tubule, responsible for secretion of organic bases

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9
Q

Endogenous Substances and Drugs secreted by organic cation transporters (OCTs)

A

Endogenous : Choline, Dopamine

Drugs: Cimetidine, Procainamide, Nicotine

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10
Q

Organic Anion Transporters (OATs)

A

Proximal tubule transporter responsible for secretion of organic acids

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11
Q

Endogenous Substances and Drugs secreted by organic anion transporters (OAT)

A

Endogenous : Uric acid

Drugs: penicillin, thaizide diuretics, loop diuretics

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12
Q

Tubular reabsorption occurs in

A

Proximal and distal convoluted tubules

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13
Q

Tubular reabsorption is (active/passive) in the distal tubule

A

Passive

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14
Q

Acidification

A

Ammonium chloride / Methionine - enhances excretion of weak basic drugs

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15
Q

Alkalinization

A

Sodium bicarbonate - enhances excretion of weak acidic drugs

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16
Q

Factors the affect renal excretion

A

Age

Heart/Liver/Kidney disease

Size of drug

Protein binding

Dose-drug concentration

Lipid solubility

pKa of drug

17
Q

Total renal excretion of a drug =

A

Filtration Rate + Secretion + Reabsorption

18
Q

Hepatic drug excretion

A

Active transport of parent drugs and/or conjugates from hepatic sinusoids to bile canaliculi

19
Q

Types of drugs likely excreted in bile

A

Lipid soluble with MW >300 with polar group Steroid hormones

20
Q

Enterohepatic Circulation

A

Conjugates excreted in bile can be hydrolyzed in the intestine and the free drug can be reabsorbed

21
Q

Enterohepatic Circulation allows the drug

A

to remain in the body for longer

22
Q

Other routes of excretion

A

Feces

Milk/Eggs

Expired Air

Sweat

Saliva

Hair/Feathers

23
Q

Excretion

A

Removal of the drug and metabolites out of the body

RUSVM Pharmacology (19 decks)

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