Extra 10 Flashcards by Bella Davis

Erogenous zones

Distinct pleasure sensitive areas

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What stage do boys developed desires for mom and girls desires for father

Phallic stage for boys

Electra complex for girls

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Psychosexual stages

Oral(1 1/2)- pleasure centers in mouth
Anal(-3)-bowls and bladder elimination
Phallic(-6)- genital pleasure
Latency(-puberty)- dormant sexual feelings
Genital(after puberty) - maturation of sexual interests

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Gender identity

Sense of being male or female

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According to Freud human personality arises from

A conflict between our impulse and restraint

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Now freudians

Freud followers who followed his main ideas of personality structure, unconscious; personality shape in childhood, defense mechanisms

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How did neo freudians feet away from Freud

Placed more emphasis on the conscious mind role in interpreting experience and in coping with the environment
Second they doubted that sex and aggression were all consuming motivations

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What are faults found with Freuds theory

It offers only after the fact explanations and repression rarely occurs
Doesn’t support freuds unconscious
But projection and reaction formation n are in false consensus

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What did Freud draw psych attention to

Unconscious
Struggle cope with anxiety and sexuality
Conflict between biological impulses and social restraints

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False consensus effect

The tendency to overestimate mate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

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Who offered a third force perspective

Abraham Maslow and carl rogers

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What did Maslow propose

Motivated by hierarchy of needs
Seek self actualization
Self transcendence
He studied healthy creative people

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What did carl rogers do

People basically good

Growth promoting climate required three conditions: genuine, acceptance, empathy

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How did humanistic psychologists assess a persons sense of self

Questionnaires that evaluate self concept

Ideally and actually

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Critics of humanistic perspective

Vague subjective
The individualism can lead to self indulgence, selfishness; and an erosion of moral restraints
Naive- doesn’t appreciate human capacity for evil

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Gordon allport

Described personality in terms of fundamental traits

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Myers Briggs type indicator

Sort people according to carl jungs personality types based on responses to 126 questions
Not research instrument

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Factor analysis

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of correlated test items that tap basic components of intelligence

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Hans and Sybil Eysenck

Reduce individual variations into two or three dimensions
Extra version introversion
Emotional stability instability

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Dopamine neural activity is higher in extroverts or introverts

Extroverts

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Jerome Lagan attributed differences in children’s shyness and inhibition to their

Autonomic nervous system reactivity

Reactive autonomic greater anxiety and inhibition

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T or f

Personality inventories are scored objectively

True ,unlike projective tests, but doesn’t guarantee validity

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Big five

Study These Flashcards

CANOE or OCEAN
Conscientiousness (organized) 
Agreeableness
Neuroticism (calm secure) 
Openness (imaginative)
Extraversion (sociable)

Big five research questions: how stable are these traits

Study These Flashcards

Adulthood quite stable

Big five research questions: how heritable are they

Generally 50 percent or a tad more

Big five research questions: do the big five traits predict other personal attributes

Yes | Ex highly conscientious people earn better high school and university grades

Barnum effect

The acceptance of stock positive descriptions

JRR TOLKIEN created what kind of characters

Personality traits consistent across various times and places

Luigi Pirandello character

Personality ever changing, tailored to a particular role or situation

Person situation controversy

Consistent across various times and places or ever changing personality

T or f | With age personality traits become more stable

True

Side with Tolkien or Pirandello

Tolkien

People do not act with predictable consistency but their average outgoingness etc over many situations is predictable t or f

True

What does music preference say about personality traits

Classic jazz-open to experience verbally intelligent | Country pop- outgoing cheerful

What does bedrooms and offices say about personality traits

Display identify and leave behind behavioral residue (laundry or neat desktop)

Personality traits lurk in

Music preferences Bedrooms and offices Personal web sites Email

Consider three specific ways in which individuals and environments interacts

Different people chose different environments Our personalities shape how we interpret and react to events Our personalities help create situations to which we react

Psychologists have two basic ways to study the effect of personal control

One-correlate people's feelings of control with their behaviors and achievements Two-experiment by raising or lowering people's sense of control and noting the effects

Self control

Ability to control impulses and delay gratification

How is self control like a muscle

Temporarily weakens after exertion Replenishes with rest Stronger with exercise (Roy baumeister)

What does self control require

Attention and energy

What does increasing control and personal empowerment do

Improves health and morale | People thrive

Tyranny of choice

Brings information overload and a greater likelihood that we will feel regret over some of the unchosen options

What does excessive optimism do

Blinds us to real risk

Positive psychology pillars

Positive emotions Positive character Positive group, community, and culture

To predict behavior what do social cognitive psychologists do

Observe behavior in realistic situations | Persons past behavior patterns in similar situations

Social cognitive perspective critics

Fails to appreciate persons inner traits

Possible selves

Your visions of the self you dream of becoming and self feared

What does low self esteem do

People made to feel insecure become excessively critical

Self serving bias two points

People accept more responsibility I for good deeds than for bad and for successes than for failures Most people see themselves as better than average

Self esteem threatened people with large egos may react

Violently

Threatened egotism or low self esteem predisposes aggression

Egotism

Why do so many people disparage themselves

Are strategic elicit reassuring strokes Prepare us for possible failure Frequently pertains to ones old self

Defensive self esteem

Fragile Focuses on sustaining self Makes failures and criticisms feel threatening Correlates to aggressive antisocial behavior

Secure self esteem

Less fragile, feel accepted for who we are and not looks wealth and relieves pressures to succeed and enables us to focus beyond oneself

Extra 10 Flashcards

(55 cards)