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Step2 > FA Cardio > Flashcards

FA Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

HR calcualation

A

300/number of large boxes

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2
Q

New LBBB management

A

ITS ALWAYS PATHOLOGICAL!

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3
Q

Romano Ward syndrome

A

LQTS no deafness, AD

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4
Q

Lange-Nielsen syndrome

A

AR, LQTS and deafness

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5
Q

What causes RA enlargement?

A

TOF, tricuspid atresia

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6
Q

PA enlargement on ECG

A

P wave big in lead II

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7
Q

LVH on ECG

A

Tall S wave

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8
Q

Kussmaul sign

A

Increased JVP with inspiration
CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS

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9
Q

S3 gallop is a sign of

A

Fluid overload, normal in young people and high output states (pregnancy)

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10
Q

S4 gallop is a sign of

A

Decreased compliance, usually pathological

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11
Q

ESM in Erb’s point

A

Aortic stenosis

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12
Q

Holosystolic murmur

A

MR, TR (differentiate based on where heard)

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13
Q

Mid systolic or late systolic crescendo murmur and click

A

Mitral valve prolapse

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14
Q

VSD murmur

A

Holosystolic hash sounding murmur best heard in tricuspid area

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15
Q

High pitched blowing early diastolic murmur

A

AR

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16
Q

Mid diastolic murmur

A

Mitral stenosis

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17
Q

Most common cause of mitral stenosis

A

Rheumatic fever

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18
Q

PDA murmur

A

Machine-like murmur

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19
Q

What makes murmurs louder?

A

More blood (increased preload) in everything except HOCM and MVP

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20
Q

Right sided murmurs increase with

A

Inspiration (increased flow to heart on right side)

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21
Q

Left sided murmurs increase with

A

Expiration

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22
Q

Pulses alternans

A

Cardiomyopathy
Alternating weak pulses

23
Q

Jerky pulse

A

HOCM

24
Q

Pulses biferiens

A

AR, AR/AS, HOCM

25
Q

Types of AF

A

Paroxysmal (<7days)
Persistent (>7days)
Permanent

26
Q

Sinus bradycardia treatment

A
  1. Atropine
  2. Pacing or dopamine/epinephrine infusion
    Definitive: pacemaker
27
Q

Who is AV first degree block normal in?

A

Increased vagal tone (athletes), CCB, BB

28
Q

Second degree mobitz I heart block treat

A

Asymptomatic = none
Stop drug causing it
Atropine can be used

29
Q

What drugs can cause mobitz 1

A

CCB, BB, digoxin

30
Q

Mobitz 2 is where?

A

His Purkinje system

31
Q

Mobitz 2 treatment

A

Pacemaker

32
Q

Acute WPW therapy

A

Procainamide Amiodarone

33
Q

Atrial tachycardia treat

A

Adenosine

34
Q

Examples of antiarrhythmics

A

Lidocaine
Procainamide
Amiodarone

35
Q

Rate control via

A

CCB, BB

36
Q

WPW patient in SVT

A

Procanaimide… NOT BB

37
Q

Synchronized cardioversion

A

VT, SVT, AF

38
Q

Unsynchronized cardioversion

A

Pulseless VT, VF

39
Q

Diastolic vs systolic HF

A

Diastolic: normal EF
Systolic: <50% EF

40
Q

What is a good indicator of HF mortality

A

Hyponatremia

41
Q

CHF diagnosis

A

Alveolar edema
Kerly B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated upper lobe vessels
Effusion

42
Q

Test for coronary steal syndrome

A

Adenosine dipyridamole stress test
CI in asthma, heart block, SBP<90

43
Q

Electrical alternates is diagnostic for

A

Pericardial effusion

44
Q

Becks triad, what’s it for?

A

Tamponade
increased JVP
Muffled heart sounds
hypotension

45
Q

When can MR occur?

A

After a posterior MI

46
Q

Causes of TR

A

Ebsteins
IV drug use

47
Q

Blue toe syndrome

A

Cholesterol embolism

48
Q

Buttock claudication

A

Iliac disease

49
Q

Buttock claudication and impotence

A

Leriche syndrome (aortoilliac disease)

50
Q

Syncope with arm exercise

A

Subclavian steal syndrome

51
Q

Syncope after wearing tight collar

A

Carotid sinus syndrome

52
Q

pulses paradoxus

A

Drop in pulse during inspiration
Tamponade, obstructive lung

53
Q
A

Step2 (14 decks)

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