Extra stuff Flashcards by Morgan Muncey-Buckley

Pentosan

Relieves pain the bladder

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In non-hodgkins lymphoma what correlates with disease activity?

LDH

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Hodgkins dosing is done by

MUGA or nuclear scan (doxorubicin is cardiotoxic)

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Protease inhibitors adverse affects

Increase lipids and glucose

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Zidovudine causes

AnaemiaW

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What can cause an increased haemoglobin

Dehydration
Erythropoietin
Androgens
DHEA tumour

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Syphilis confirmatory tests

FTA, MHA

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How do you treat neurosyphilis/pregnancy and syphilis

Desensitization

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How do you investigate HIT?

Platelet factor 4 with ELISA

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Treat Waldenstrom

Plasmapheresis

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Treat multiple myeloma

Dexamethasone + lelalidomide / bortezomib
Molphanan for old people

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Malaria testing (thick/thin)

Thick is for detection
Thin is for specialization

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What do you need to test for before you use primaquine?

G6PD

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Do not use _____umab in Hep B

Rituxumab

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Treat hairy cell leukemia

Cladribine
Pentostatin

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What is phenazopyridine used for?

Anaesthetic for pain in UTI

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S/E of interferon

Anaemia, depression, myalgias

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What two organisms in colon cause endocarditis?

Clostridium
Strep Bovis

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What do you use for PrEP?

Cabotegravir injection every 2 months

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Treat stage 3 or 4 hodgkins

ADVB, a (doxorubicin), b (bleomycin), V (vinisterin) D (dacarbazine)

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Non-embolitic cardiac ischemia

Anaemia

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CLL refractory treatment

Cyclophosphanamide

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CLL in geriatric patients treat

Bendamustine

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You can’t use doxorubicin if EF

<50%

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Coccidomyo seems like diagnosis

Valley fever, desert rheumatism Sputum culture

Histo seems like treatment

Soil in caves, oral ulcers, resembles TB Treat with amphortericin and itraconazole

Blastococci seems like

Budding yeasts, wart like

Chronic pancreatitis test

Secretin test

Methylhaemalobinuria

Caused by nitrates dapsone and anesthetics

Bradycardia and cannon A waves

AV type 3 block

If it is ani oxides tick

TREAT RIGHT AWAY

Treat gastroparesis

Erythromycin

HLA B57 test for

SJS

Cor pulmonale is specific to

Lungs

Increased O2 from RA to RV

Septal rupture

S3 + breathlessness

Pulmonary oedema

HIV can cause a false positive

Hep C

When do you give PPI to prevent stress burns?

TRauma increased ICP Coagulation Sepsis Intubated

Previous heart surgery is a risk for what heart pathology?

Constrictive pericarditis

Treat AIP attacks?

Glucose and Haem

When can celiac be falsely negative?

IgA deficiency

Sporotrichosis

Nodular skin lesions on a farmer or gardener

Handgrip manoeuvre increases

PBC diagnosis vs PSC

Biopsy MRCP

Invasive aspergillosis investigations and treatment

Serum galac, B-D, PCR Ivraconazole (NOT AMPHOR)

Lemiere syndrome caused by

Fusobacterium

"Haemorrhagic lymphadenitis"

Anthrax

Test for babesia

Blood smear

Treat burns?

Ringer lactate or saline

Treat medeterannian fever? Gene?

Colchicine, MEFV

Multifocal atrial tachycardia happens in

Chronic lung disease / COPD

Recurrence of MI/arrythmia do a

Echo

What test for SOURCE of Ventricular arrythmia

EP studies

What is a Swan catheter?

Intracardiac pressure and CO

Zika can cause

J-H reaction, spirochete, no syphilis =

Leptospirosis

For ALL what do you add to treatment?

Intrathecal methotrexate

When is manometry used?

Achalasia, spasm, scleroderma

Treat squamous cell hyperplasia of vagina

Sitz bath

Brucella is seen in

Returning war veterans

Person with Pelger-Huer, prior chemotherapy

Myelodysplasia 5q deletion

If P:Cr and 24 protein are answers, what do you choose?

P:Cr

Glazmann

2b/3a mutation, no big platelets

Bernard

1b/IX BIG PLATELETS

Dysmorphic RBC

Glomerulonephritis

AIN stains

Wright Hansel

What test for AKI

Renal sonogram

What drug increases creatinine

Trimetheprim

ERCP pancreatitis can be prevented by

Rectal NSAIDS

HRT can only be used for

5 years

First to be positive Hep B

surface antigen

No risk of transmission when Hep B

surface antigen -

Interferon for

Hep D

Sickle cell reticulocyte count

Should be increased so when it is normal that is a poor sign

CLL needs what prophylaxis?

PCP

Treat CLL

Fludarabine (rituxumab + bendamustine) cyclophosphanamide

Acute tubular necrosis UNa FeNa Specific gravity

Most: Increased urine Na, increased FeNa, decreased specific gravity Contrast induced: Decreased Na, decreased Fe Na, increased specific gravity

CJD diagnosis

Biopsy

Tuberose sclerosis

Cardiac rhabdomyomas Seizures Face nodules

Ethyl glycol electrolyte abnormality

Calcium is low because of the calcium oxalate stone

AKI from NSAIDS has no

Eosinophils

NF2 features

2 eyes (gliomas) 2 ears (VS) 2 brain tumours (ependymona, meningioma)

What drug causes distal renal tubular acidosis?

Topiramate!

Distal renal tubular acidosis causes acidotic / alkaline urine

alkaline

What causes rhabdomyolysis

Cocaine Decreased K Decreased Phosphate Statins Viruses

Hepatorenal syndrome treatment

Midrodine

Sturg Weber on biopsy

Tram track in angiomas

Calcineuriun inhibitors side effects

Glucose intolerance, tremors, kidney injury

Bartter syndrome

Furosemide, decreased BP, ascending limb

Liddle syndrome

Aldosterone, DCT, eNAC channel, increased BP

Gitelman syndrome

Thiazide like, decreased BP, DCT

Distal RTA is type

T1RTA causes

Stones ! nephrocalcinosis

Treat T1RTA

Bicarb

Treat type 4 RTA

Fludrocortisone

Who gets type 4 RTA

Diabetes

Type 2 RTA causes

Osteomalacia

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors cause what RTA

Outdated tetracyclines cause RTA

Analgesic nephaopathy causes what RTA

What stones can only be seen on CT

Uric acid

What acid is from methanol?

Formic

What is Ketorolac

NSAID

Treat 0.5-2cm stones

Lithotripsy

Stents in kidney stones

Relieve hydronephrosis

Renal artery stenosis investigations

MR angio

Thrombolytics cause

Angiooedema

Migraine treat

Triptans, CGRPs, lasmiditan

Cluster headache treat

Octreotide Prevent: verapamil,prednisolone

COMT in Parkinsons?

Increased duration of levodopa

Istradefylline in Parkinsons?

Decreases off affect

Caudate atrophy

Huntingtons

Emotional incontinence treat

Dexamethasone

Neurogenic (weak) bladder treat

Bethanechol`

2 ALS drugs

Riluzole Edavarone

Face feels stiff

CN7 palsy

Common CN7 palsy complication

Corneal ulcer

Goodell sign

soft uterus (4weeks)

Ladin sign

soft midline uterus (6 weeks)

Chadwick

blue vagina (6-8 weeks)

Pregnancy and RV

Decreased

Bloods in pregnancy

Leukocytosis, anaemia, thrombocytopenia

In pregnancy, when should you see a sac?

bhCG > 1500

Periventricular calcifications buzzword for

CMV

Test for diabetes in pregnancy

Glucose load Glucose tolerance (2nd)

Arrest of dilation in labour is defined as

No increase in 2 hours

Who gets lung cancer screen?

50-80, 20 year pack history, hasn't quick in past 15 years

Don't use ondansetron with what ECG change

Increased QT

What is most accurate for detecting diabetic retinopathy

Angiofluoroscein

AC Separation 1-6

1-2 sling 3-6 ORIF

Babies eyes by time

1 day irritation 2-7 days gonorrhea 7 days chlamydia 3 weeks herpes

Most common skull fracture neonates

Linear

Most fatal skull fracture neonates

Basilar

Can Hep B/C breast feed?

Yes!

What are some drugs that can induce serotonin syndrome?

Meperidine, linezolid, lithium, metaclopramide

+ symptoms vs - in schiz receptor

Dopamine Muscarinic

Psychosis in parkinsons is treated with

Pimavanserin

Alprazolam is used for

Panic attacks

What drug for narcolepsy

Pitolistat

Night terrors/sleepwalking happen in what stage of sleep?

3 and 4

Nightmares happen in what stage of sleep?

REM

Paraphilia: exhibition

Expose to stranger

Paraphilia: masochism

Humiliate

Paraphilia: sadism

Suffering

Paraphilia: frotteurism

Rubbing against non-consensual person

What is decreased in suicidal people?

5-HIAA

Diagnosis of asthma? 2 challenge tests

PFTs FEV increase 12% albuterol FEV decrease with metacholine (better if they are asymptomatic)

Test for allergic asthma

FeNO as detects eosinophils

What is a measure of the severity of asthma?

Who gets home O2?

<55 or <88% If cardiomyopathy, PHTN, increased HCT <60 <90%

COPD exacerbation drugs

SAMA (ipratropium), SABA, steroid, antibiotics

When is MAI found? (lung pathogen) What is treatment?

Bronchiectasis, old people with COPD Rifampicin, ethambutol, azithromycin

Treat a long QT syndrome

What prevents breast cancer in those with multiple relatives?

SERM

Vascular ring happens in? What is observed?

DiGeorge, Downs Biphasic stridor

TEF that is most common

EA with distal TEF

3 signs for pyloric stenosis

String, mushroom, shoulder

Congenital abnormalities seen together

Coloboma of eyes/CNS defects Heart defects Atresia of chonae Retardation of growth Genital/urinary defects Ear abnormalities

VACTERL syndrome

Vertebral, anal atresia, CVD, TEF, Esophageal atresia, Renal anomalies, limb anomalies

Intussuception diagnosis

US initial barium enema diagnostic and therapeutic

Vit D dependent rickets

Decreased 1, 25

Lead poisoning management

Capillary level, then venous level and remove from environment

Diaper rash vs candida

Diaper rash spares skin folds

Whooping cough CXR

Butterfly pattern

Zoster at what age?

Neuroactive steroid for post party depression?

Brexanolone

What is the single most effective treatment for depression?

ECT

Is ECT safe in pregnancy?

Yes!

CF what can be used for mucus plugs?

rhDNAse

Chlamydophilia presents with

Hoarseness

Consolidation vs effusion tactile and breathing sounds

Consolidation - increased tactile, increased breath Effusion - decreased tactile, decreased breath

PCP what is elevated in ALL patients

LDH

PCP diagnosis

BAL

Always combine a carbapenems with a

Anti-pseudomonal penicillijn

Ventillator associated pneumonia most accurate test

Biopsy

Daptomycin is inactivated by

Surfactant

Over 65 get what pneumococcal vaccine

Immunocompromised get what pneumococcal vaccine

13 then 23

COPD, cirrhosis, etc, pneumococcal vaccine

23 then 23 5-10 years later

TB investigations

CXR initial Pleural biopsy is diagnostic

PCP if TMP causes rash

Clinda and primaquine

PCP if TMP rash and G6PD deficiency

IV pentamidine

When can you stop PCP prophylaxis?

CD4>200 for multiple months

TB PDD >5mm >10mm >15mm

HIV, steroids or anti-TNF, close contact active TB, transplant Immigrant, healthcare worker, haematology malignancy, alcoholic, DM No risk factors

Contaminated water at dentist organism

M abscess, chelonae, fortiuitums

M.kasai is similar to ... treat like

TB MAI

ABPA treat

Oral steroids Itraconazole for episodes

Mouldy sugar cane organism

Bagassosis

Electronics organism

Beryllosis

Sand, rocks, tunnels organism

Silicosis

Ships, pipes organism

Asbestosis

What is most accurate test for sarcoidosis?

Lymph node biopsy

V/Q scan is only superior to CTPA in what condition?

CTEPH

PHTN vessels

Pruning distal vessels

Drugs for ILD

pirfenidone, nentedanib

Crytogenic organizing pneumonia treat

Steroids

ANCA is also known as

Qualitative serum autoantibody

PE most common CXR findings

Atelectasis

PE most common ECG findings

Tachycardia, non-specific ST changes

ARDS diagnosis and how to manage

pO2/FiO2 <300 Keep TV low (6ml/kg) Increase PEEP to keep FiO2 low (Increased FiO2 above 50% increases risk of toxicity)

Treat reactive arthritis

NSAIDS

MUGA scan for

Heart ejection fraction

Gallium scan and Indium scan

Increased iron deposition and infections, CANCER Similar but used in abdomen

OA can falsely elevate

T-score

RA gets what syndrome

Tarsal tunnel syndrome

RA death

Coronary artery disease

Rituximab in RA

Good for RA (CD20 receptor), but decreases effectiveness of vaccines

BP in gout management

Losartan

Anti-Ro detected what do you need to check if pregnant?

Baby ECG!

Most dangerous complication of sjogrens?

Lymphoma

Most accurate test sjogrens

Biopsy

Myositis most accurate test

Biopsy

MRI C/I

Pacemaker

Antibody in MCTD

Anti-RNP

Spinal stenosis and PAD

Can cause a PAD like picture but with normal vascular studies

PAN diagnosis

Biopsy of site

GCA complication

Aneurysm

Non-resolving pneumonia despite mutliple antibiotics think about

Wegeners

Cyclophosphanamide S/E in bladder

Cancer and bleeding

Chronic Hep C causes what vasculitis? What is positive? Picture?

Cryo Rheumatoid factor, cold complexes Joint pain, glomerulo, purport, neuropathy

Pathery

Skin sterile pustule to minor trauma Seen in Behchets

Tenofovir causes

Shock, which ones have increased CO?

Septic, anaphylaxis

Renal failure in OP treat OP

Denosumab

Recurrent gonorrhoea check for

Terminal complement deficiency

Osteomyelitis check for response?

ESR

SHOCK Cool, pale Increased PCWP vs decreased

Increased - cardiogenic Decreased - hypovol

Blunt abdominal trauma investigation

Stable - CT Unstable - exploratory laporotomy

Kehr sign

Shoulder pain in splenic rupture

HIDA scan for

Cholecystitis, BILE LEAK!

Gallbladder polyp management

<5mm repeat US at 1 year 5-10 yearly US if change cholecystectomy 10-20 remove laparoscopically >20 remove surgically

Ischemic colitis investigations

CT and then angio

Mesenteric ischemia investigations

AXR and CT angio

Rectus sheath haematoma

Fecal incontinence best test

Manometry

Haemorrhoids most accurate test

Anoscopy

Olgilvie syndrome management

Decompress, if no response in 24-48 hours neostigimine

Trigger finger manage

Steroid

Priapism management ischemic and non-ischemic

Aspirate Non-ischemic conservative Ischemic Intracaver epinephrine

Peyronies <3months treat

Pentoxifylline

Biggest risk factor for aortic dissection

Hypertension

Thoracic outlet syndrome investigations

Initial doppler, most accurate is MRA

Post op fever

1-3 wind 3-5 water 5-7 walking 7 wound 8-15 wonder drugs and abscess

What GI surgery results in dumping syndrome

Roux-en-y

Post cardiac surgery syndrome

After pericardium opens, at risk, treat with NSAIDS + colchinine