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History 🏛️⌛️ > Fascist Germany👨🏻🇩🇪 > Flashcards

Fascist Germany👨🏻🇩🇪 Flashcards

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1
Q

Fascism was a political ………. that emerged in ……… in the years after WW1

A

Ideology
Europe

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2
Q

What political ideology became popular in Italy after all the unstable governments ?

A

Fascism

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3
Q

Fascism

A

A form of government that is a one-party dictatorship based on nationalistic ideas of racial superiority

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4
Q

Fascists are against ……… and are nationalistic (……. ……. …….)

A

Democracy
Believe their nation is superior

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5
Q

Who were the first two fascist leaders?

A

Hitler
Mussolini

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6
Q

Mussolini believed that a ……… was needed to solve Italy’s problem

A

Dictatorship

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7
Q

Mussolini started to …….. … ……..

A

Rule by decree

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8
Q

Rule by decree

A

He could make laws without going through parliament

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9
Q

After WW1, Germany became a democracy named the……

A

Weimar Republic

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10
Q

During most of the 1920s Germany was in economic crisis with very high levels of ……… and inflation, this destroyed people’s confidence with the …….. …..

A

Inflation
Weimar republic

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11
Q

Long name for Nazi

A

National Socialist German Workers Party

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12
Q

The Nazis wanted to speed up German recovery by scrapping the ….. … …..

A

Treaty of Versailles

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13
Q

The nazi party was extremely anti- ……

A

Communist

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14
Q

Hitler was chosen as party leader and organised a rebellion in Munich and sent to prison for nine months because of it. While in prison what did he do?

A

Wrote Mein Kampf ( My struggle)

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15
Q

Lebensraum

A

Living space for ethnic Germans

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16
Q

Hitler admired ……….. Fascist Party and adopted many of his methods including the fascist ……., an army - the ….. and an emblem which he made the country’s official flag.

A

Mussolini’s
Salute
SA

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17
Q

What t factors helped the Nazi Party rise to power?

A
  • Unpopularity of the Weimar government
  • Great Depression
  • Hitler’s leadership and policies
  • Propaganda
  • Increased popularity in elections
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18
Q

Rise of Nazi: The unpopularity of the Weimar government

A

Many blamed the Weimar government for Germanys defeat, for the harshness of the Treaty of Versailles and hard times afterwards.

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19
Q

Rise of Nazi: Great Depression

A

The German economy was on its knees after WW1.
Germany took loans from the US to try and recover.
The US experienced the Wall Street Crash and the international Great Depression lasted over a decade.
US banks withdrew their loans from Germany.
Banks and factories closed and unemployment soared

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20
Q

Rise of Nazi: Hitlers leadership and policies

A

The Beer Hall Putsch was unsuccessful but showed Hitler was trying to make change.
His public speaking was of great benefit to the Nazi party.
Hitler opposed the Treaty of Versailles and promised to fix the economy.
He told them he could restore Germany to greatness.
He was also anti-communist and the wealthy feared communism so his party had their support.

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21
Q

Rise of Nazi: Propaganda

A

Hitler used propaganda to his advantage.
He played on people’s emotions

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22
Q

Rise of Nazi: Increased popularity in elections

A

The Nazi party gained more seats in parliament.
Soon the Nazi party became the largest party in Germany.

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23
Q

Hitler was appointed Chancellor or ……. …….. of Germany by the President. He began to form his ……….. .

A

Prime Minister
Dictatorship

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24
Q

What provided Hitler with an excuse to ban the Communist party and give extra powers to his SA?

A

When the Reichstag building was set on fire by a Dutch communist

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25
Hitlers bodyguards
Waffen SS (Schutzstaffel)
26
Hitler created a law called the …. ….. which allowed his to ….. … ….
Enabling Act Rule by decree
27
Hitler was know as ….?
Der Führer ( the leader)
28
Hitlers economic policies
- Independent trade unions were abolished - Strikes made illegal - Public work schemes created to build motorways and the Olympic stadium - Ammunition for the German army began being manufactured again - Motor industry expanded - Volkswagen was designed - Priced so most people could afford it - Hitlers cut taxes
29
Education: What were the names of Nazi Youth groups?
Hitler Youth League of German Girls
30
Education under Hitler
- Textbooks were rewritten to glorify Germany and Hitler - Mein Kampf became the official history textbook - Teachers had to be members of the Nazi Party - Portrait of the Führer was displayed in every classroom
31
Women’s lives
- Women were expected to stay at home and look after the family - Revolved around the 3 Ks’ : Kinder, Küche, Kirche (children, kitchen, church) - Hitler wanted a high birth rate - The ideal Nazi German womanhood was reflected in fashion
32
What were the three Ks
Children - Kinder Kitchen - Küche Church - Kirche
33
What were women supposed to wear?
Traditional peasant costumes Flat shoes Hair in plaits or buns
34
Women weren’t supposed to …..
Wear makeup Wear trousers Dye their hair Smoke in public
35
Who was Hitlers minister for propaganda?
Joseph Goebbels
36
Propaganda: Goebbels organised the production of cheap ……… called ‘ … …. ….’. So that Hitlers speech could reach …… …… . Loud speakers were installed …… ……
Radios The people’s radio Every home Along streets
37
Propaganda: Posters were put up all around Germany presenting Hitler as a …… ……. like Stalin was too
Godlike figure
38
Propaganda: People had to celebrate what?
Hitlers Birthday
39
Propaganda: What was a common Nazi greeting?
Heil Hitler! Hail Hitler!
40
Propaganda: The Nazi salute was made ……
Compulsory
41
Terror: The Gestapo was set up to encourage people to report ……… or………. to the secret police.
Opponents Communists
42
Terror: Hitler began to believe that his …… was a threat to him. The …. killed the ………………. and other threats.
SA SS leaders of the SA
43
Terror: People considered undesirable in Nazi Germany were sent to ……. …., similar to Stalins ……… . Among them were journalists and political prisoners, LGBTQ, people with disabilities and many …….
Labour camps Gulags Jews
44
The Treaty of Versailles had ……. Germany terribly
Weakened
45
Hitlers main aims:
- Rebuild the German army and navy - Re - occupy the Rhineland - Regaining the territory lost after WW1 - Expanding further into a ‘greater Germany’ by uniting all German speakers under Lebensraum
46
Rebuilding the army and navy: Germany reintroduced …….. and soon the army had grown beyond its treaty limits.
Conscription
47
Rebuilding the army and navy: Hitler then increased the size of the ……. and created an ……….. . No steps were taken by ……… or ……. to stop Germanys dramatic military expansion.
Navy Airforce Britain France
48
Rebuilding the army and navy: What was Hitlers airforce called?
The Luftwaffe
49
Re-occupation of the Rhineland: German troops had been forbidden to occupy the region bordering ……. called the Rhineland. Hitler sent his troops into the Rhineland with orders to retreat if France sent its army to meet them. Once again, ……. and …….. didn’t react.
France Britain France
50
The Anschluss 1938: First on the list for ………….. was ………: a German - speaking country, Hitlers birthplace and so,where the Nazi party had strong support. The Treaty of Versailles had forbidden ……. and ……. to unite.
Lebensraum Austria Germany Austria
51
The Anschluss: Hitler threatened the Austrian ………. with …… unless he let Austrian Nazis into his government. The Chancellor got replaced by a …… …… who immediately invited German troops to enter Austria. An agreement was then signed. This event was known as the ……… . ………. and ……… didn’t interfere.
Chancellor War Nazi Chancellor Anschluss Britain France
52
Anschluss
Joining together of Germany and Austria.
53
The attitude of France and Britain: Reasons why France and Britain stood by and made no response while Hitler rebuilt Germany :
- France didn’t want to risk a war with Germany over the Rhineland as the size of the German army was unknown - Many British felt the treaty of Versailles was too harsh on the German people and felt sorry for them - The memory of WW1 was still strong in Britain and the idea of another war was too much - France, Britain and others were concerned about Stalin’s communism and they knew the new German regime was very anti- communist.
54
Appeasement
Agreeing to Hitlers demands in the hope of avoiding war. Hitler used this to his advantage.
55
The Sudetenland and the Munich Conference: Hitlers next aim was to absorb the German - speakers in ……….. into the Third Reich.
Czechoslovakia
56
The Sudetenland and the Munich Conference: Sudetenland
The majority German - speaking regions of Czechoslovakia
57
The Sudetenland and the Munich Conference: At the Munich Conference they discussed the issue of …………… and the …… . They agreed to make ………. surrender the area of the Sudetenland to ………. . Hitler promised the other leaders he wouldn’t demand any more ……. . Chamberlain returned to Britain claiming to have achieved ‘……………….’.
Czechoslovakia Sudetenland Czechoslovakia Germany Territory ‘Peace for our time’
58
The Sudetenland and the Munich Conference: Hitler broke the Munich agreement by….. . ……….. was a failure. Britain started to rearm itself and made agreements with other countries such as ……. and …… against ………
Taking over the rest of Czechoslovakia Appeasement Poland France Hitler
59
The Nazi - Soviet Non - Aggression Pact: ………… and ……….. were enemies. It was therefore a shock to European leaders when Hitler and Stalin signed the The Nazi - Soviet Non - Aggression Pact. Under this they agreed to:
- Not attack each other or help each others enemies - an agreement to partition Poland between them
60
The Nazi - Soviet Non - Aggression Pact: This pact led Stalin to belief that he was safe from German attack. Hitler was planning to invade …… and this pact meant he didn’t have to worry about the …….. reacting aggressively. By taking over Poland he would regain a lot of former ……. …….
Poland USSR German territory
61
What happened on September 1 1939? What happened on September 3 1939.
Germany invaded Poland Britain and France declared war on Germany…… WWII had begun.
62
Gestapo
Hitlers secret police
63
Terror: What was the Night of the Long Knives?
When the SS killed the leaders of the SA

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