Reformation⛪️📄💰

Question 1

The Reformation was a period in history when?
Who was the central figure or main reformer?

Answer 1

People began to question the teachings of the Catholic Church.
Martin Luther

Question 2

Protestants

Answer 2

The supporters of this desire for reform

Question 3

CAUSES: What were the four causes of the Reformation?

Answer 3

1. Influence of the Renaissance
2. Wealth of the Church
3. Abuses within the church
4. The power of the kings

Question 4

CAUSES: 1. Influence of the Renaissance

The church helped to create the Renaissance by doing what?
As more people learned to read and write they could read the bible for themselves rather than what?
What invention meant that reformers could spread their ideas quickly?

Answer 4

Funding artists
Excepting what the priests told them
Printing press

Question 5

CAUSES: 2. Wealth of the Church

The church was the …….. organisation in Europe.
Bishops and monarch were huge …… ……. .
Everyone had to pay a ……… to their local ……. every year. This was greatly resented by …….. people.

Answer 5

Wealthiest
Land owners
Tithe
Bishop
Ordinary

Question 6

CAUSES: Abuses within the Church

What were the five main abuses in the Catholic Church?

Answer 6

Simony
Nepotism
Pluralism
Absenteeism
Sale of indulgences

Question 7

Simony

Answer 7

Buying or selling of position within the church

Question 8

Nepotism

Answer 8

Appointing relatives to church jobs regardless of who they were.

Question 9

Pluralism

Answer 9

Holding more than one church jobs regardless of at the same time

Question 10

Absenteeism

Answer 10

A priest or bishop being absent from their parish for long periods of time

Question 11

Sale of indulgences

Answer 11

Special prayers that were said to reduce the time a would spent in purgatory (place between heaven and hell)

Question 12

CAUSES: The power of kings

Kings around Europe has spent most of the ….. …… establishing their rule throughout their kingdoms. The Church however remained outside of their ……. as it was controlled by …….. , not locally. They ……. this and looked for ways to …… it’s power.

Answer 12

Middle Ages
Authority
Rome
Resented
Weaken

Question 13

Martin Luther : EARLY LIFE

Answer 13

• Born in Germany
• He studied law but then decided to become an Augustinian Monk.
• Became professor of theology in Wittenberg

Question 14

Martin Luther : JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH ALONE

Answer 14

• He spent most of his time studying the bible in great detail.
• He found that the church taught different to how the bible was written. The church said you have to have faith in god and participate in fasting, indulgence and prayer to get to heaven.
• Luther found no mention of this in the Bible and instead he believed in ‘Justification by Faith Alone’.
• Meaning only faith in god could get a person to heaven.

Question 15

Martin Luther : SALE OF INDULGENCES AND NINETY FIVE THESES

Answer 15

• John Tetzel arrived in Wittenberg selling indulgences to the locals.
• Luther was furious
• He wrote to the archbishop in protest but was ignored.
• He then wrote his 95 theses in Latin.
• He nailed them to a church door in Wittenberg
• The printing press enabled his 95 these to be spread all over Germany

Question 16

What were the main ideas of the 95 theses?

Answer 16

• pope had no power to forgive sins
• indulgences didn’t save people from their sins
• the pope should rebuild St Peter’s basilica himself

Question 17

Martin Luther : THE RESPONSE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH

Pope Leo initially didn’t see Luther as a …….. and asked him to …. ….. what he’d said.
Luther denied the request and so Leo sent him a ….. …… .
Threatening Luther with …………… .
Luther publicly ……. it and was excommunicated.

Answer 17

Problem
Take back
Papal bull
Excommunication
Burned

Question 18

Papal Bull

Answer 18

Formal letter and command

Question 19

Excommunication

Answer 19

Expelled from the Catholic Church and unable to receive any sacraments

Question 20

Martin Luther : DIET OF WORMS

The Roman Emperor called a meeting about Luther.
Luther was given a safe space to express his ……. .
The Roman emperor made Luther an outlaw.
Luther’s supporters against this and became know as …….. .
Luther was to be arrested and punished for …….. .
A Prince of Saxony saved Luther hid him in a castle so he could translate ….. …. …. ….. .

Answer 20

Beliefs
Protestants
Heresy
Translate the bible into German

Question 21

Heresy

Answer 21

Knowingly holding beliefs that went against the Catholic Church.

Question 22

Presbyterianism : Predestination

Answer 22

The belief that god had already decided before a person was born whether they could go to heaven

Question 23

The Catholic Counter - Reformation

The Church set up what?

Answer 23

Courts of Inquisition

Question 24

Courts of Inquisition

Answer 24

Arrested and punished anyone who was a threat to the church teachings

Question 25

The Catholic Counter - Reformation Council of Trent What was it? What did it do?

Answer 25

The Church’s response to the attack on its teachings by the reformers. Attempted to deal with the church’s existing problems and impose discipline.

Question 26

Results of the Reformation: What were four results?

Answer 26

Religious wars Power of kings Education Art and architecture

Question 27

Results of the Reformation: Religious Wars

Answer 27

Many words broke out because of religious divide like in Spain and the Netherlands.

Question 28

Results of the Reformation: Power of kings The pope now had no control over the ……….. countries. In the now Protestant countries, all the Catholic Church property was seized by the …….. which made those rulers much …….. .

Answer 28

Protestant Crown Wealthier

Question 29

Results of the Reformation: Education What did Protestants want? What did the Catholics believe? Overall this led to an increase in what?

Answer 29

Everyone to be able to read the Bible so that involved a basic level of education. The only reason people followed the reformers was because they didn’t understand their faith, so Catholic schools were set up. Education all over Europe