Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSA II > FEMUR & KNEE > Flashcards

FEMUR & KNEE Flashcards

1
Q

TIBIOFEMORAL JOINT (knee joint) - type

A

synovial, hinge, diarthrosis, biaxial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TIBIOFEMORAL JOINT - articular surfaces

A

convex medial & lateral femoral condyles

concave medial & lateral superior articular surfaces of tibia (tibia plateau)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TIBIOFEMORAL JOINT - major knee ligaments

A

INTRACAPSULAR:
-anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
-posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
~medial & lateral menisci
EXTRACAPSULAR:
-medial collateral ligament (MCL)
-lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
~fibrous capsule
~patellar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tibiofemoral joint - ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

A

from medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle to anterior aspect of tibial intercondylar eminence
-resists anterior translation & medial rotation of tibia on femur
-TAUT in HYPEREXTENSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tibiofemoral joint - POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

A

from posterior aspect of intercondylar eminence to lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
-resists posterior translation of tibia on femur
-TAUT in HYPERFLEXION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tibiofemoral joint - MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (MCL)

A

(tibial collateral ligament)
resists VALGUS forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tibiofemoral joint - LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (LCL)

A

(fibular collateral ligament)
resists VARUS forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tibiofemoral joint - MENISCUS

A

acts to disperse weight evenly & reduce friction with movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

medial & lateral meniscus

A

MEDIAL: attached to MCL & semimembranosus muscle/ tendon
LATERAL: attached to PCL & popliteus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TIBIOFEMORAL JOINT - movements

A

-flexion
-extension, hyperextension
-rotation (internal/external)
-rolling
-gliding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tibiofemoral joint - BURSAE

A

SUPRAPATELLA
PREPATELLA
INFRAPATELLA
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tibiofemoral joint - END FEELS

A

NORMAL:
-flexion: soft tissue/ bony approximation
-extension: elastic/ firm
ABNORMAL:
-boggy: joint effusion, ligamentous pathology
-springy block: loose body (displaced meniscus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

tibiofemoral joint - OPEN KINETIC CHAIN

A

flexion: tibia rolls & glides on posterior femur
extension: tibia rolls & glides on anterior femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tibiofemoral joint - CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN

A

flexion: femur rolls & glides on posterior tibia (squatting)
extension: femur rolls & glides on anterior tibia (moving from squat to standing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

GENU VALGUM

A

Q angle greater than 22° in women & 18° in men
“knocked knees”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GENU VARUM

A

Q angle less than 0°, distal tibia points medially
“bow legs”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

GENU RECURVATUM

A

hyperextension of knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT - type

A

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, triaxial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT - function

A

-patella = small bone in front of knee, embedded in quadriceps tendon
-sesamoid bone
-acts to INCREASE BIOMECHANICAL LEVERAGE of quadriceps muscle
-slides in groove of femur as knee flexes & extends
-“floats” -> dependant on proper muscle balance to maintain central position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT - articular surfaces

A

concave posterior surface of patella

convex trochlear surface of distal anterior femur

21
Q

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT - ligaments

A

patellar ligament, medial & lateral patellofemoral ligaments

22
Q

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT - movements

A

superior/ inferior glide
medial/ lateral glide, tilt, rotation

23
Q

PROXIMAL/ SUPERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT

A

type: synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
articular surfaces: articular facet on fibular head, facet on lateral tibial condyle
ligaments: fibrous capsule, anterior & posterior tibiofibular, lateral collateral, upper interosseous membrane
movements: gliding

24
Q

MID-TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT

A

type: fibrous, interosseous, amphiarthrosis, uniaxial
articular surfaces: interosseous membrane connecting shafts of tibia & fibula
ligaments: interosseous membrane
movements: slight

25
Q

DISTAL/ INFERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT

A

type: fibrous, syndesmosis, amphiarthrosis, uniaxial
articular surfaces: articular area on inferior end of fibula, facet on inferior end of tibia
ligaments: interosseous membrane (lower), anterior & posterior inferior tibiofibular
movements: gliding

26
Q

SCREW HOME MECHANISM

A

*key element to knee stability for standing upright
-knee extension: tibia glides anteriorly on femur & PCL elongates
-during last 20° of knee extension, anterior tibial glide persists on medial condyle of tibia
-prolonged anterior glide on medial side = external tibial rotation
-reverses during knee flexion

27
Q

screw home mechanism - GATE CYCLE

A

-tibia internally rotates during swing phase (knee flexion)
-tibia externally rotates during stance phase (knee extension)

28
Q

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

A

-inguinal ligament
-sartorius
-adductor longus

29
Q

ADDUCTOR/ SUBSARTORIAL/ HUNTER’S CANAL - borders

A

-anteromedial: sartorius
-lateral: vastus medialis
-posterior: adductor longus & magnus

30
Q

POPLITEAL FOSSA - borders

A

-semimembranosus
-biceps femoris
-plantaris
-gastrocnemius (long & short head)

31
Q

PES ANSERINE

A

insertion point for 3 muscles:
-sartorius
-gracilis
-semitendinosus (hamstring)

32
Q

SESAMOID BONES

A

-small independent bone/ bony nodule that develops in a tendon that passes over an angular structure
-PATELLA = largest sesamoid bone in body
-example: FABELLA -> occurs in tendon of lateral head of gastrocnemius (present in 39%)

33
Q

ANTERIOR FEMORAL GROUP

A

-tensor fascia lata (TFL)
-sartorius
-quadriceps: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
-articularis genu

34
Q

MEDIAL FEMORAL GROUP

A

-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
-adductor magnus
-pectineus
-gracilis

35
Q

POSTERIOR FEMORAL GROUP

A

-hamstrings: biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

36
Q

QUADRICEPS

A

-rectus femoris
-vastus lateralis
-vastus intermedius
-vastus medialis

37
Q

HAMSTRINGS

A

-biceps femoris (long & short head)
-semimembranosus
-semitendinosus

38
Q

ADDUCTORS

A

-pectineus
-adductor brevis
-adductor longus
-adductor magnus
-gracilis

39
Q

ANTERIOR CRURAL MUSCLE GROUP - actions & nerve

A

-tibialis anterior
-extensor digitorum longus
-extensor hallucis longus
*fibularis (peroneus) tertius
~all dorsiflex foot
~deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

40
Q

LATERAL CRURAL MUSCLE GROUP - actions & nerve

A

-fibularis (peroneus) longus
-fibularis (peroneus) brevis
~all plantar flex & evert foot
~superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

41
Q

POSTERIOR CRURAL MUSCLE GROUP (DEEP) - actions & nerve

A

-tibialis posterior
-flexor digitorum longus
-flexor hallucis longus
~all plantar flex foot
~tibial nerve

41
Q

POSTERIOR CRURAL MUSCLE GROUP

A

-plantaris
-gastrocnemius
-soleus
-popliteus
~tibial nerve

42
Q

PLANTAR FLEXION (muscles)

A

-soleus
-gastrocnemius
-plantaris
-tibialis posterior
-peroneus (fibular) longus & brevis
-flexor digitorum longus
-flexor digitorum hallucis

43
Q

DORSIFLEXION (muscles)

A

-tibialis anterior
-extensor digitorum longus
-extensor digitorum hallucis

44
Q

INVERSION (muscles)

A

-tibialis anterior
-tibialis posterior

45
Q

EVERSION (muscles)

A

fibularis longus, brevis, tertius

46
Q

what two muscles insert into the IT band?

A

TFL
gluteus maximus

47
Q

where does the IT band insert?

A

Gerdy’s tubercle of tibia close to knee

MSA II (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions