RIBS

Question 1

what is the ribcage comprised of?

Answer 1

sternum (manubirum, body, xiphoid process)
ribs (1-12)
joints (costovertebral & costotransverse)

Question 2

true ribs

Answer 2

(vertebrosternal)
ribs 1-7
connect directly to sternum via costal cartilage

Question 3

false ribs

Answer 3

(vertebrochondral)
ribs 8-10
do not connect directly to sternum (share costal cartilage)

Question 4

floating ribs

Answer 4

(vertebral)
ribs 11 & 12
not connected to sternum

Question 5

typical vs. atypical ribs

Answer 5

TYPICAL: 3-9
ATYPICAL: 1, 2, 10, 11, 12

Question 6

what is between the rib facets?

Answer 6

interarticular crest

Question 7

what is atypical about rib 1?

Answer 7

-shorter & wider
-one articular facet on head
-scalene tubercle for attachment of anterior scalene
-grooves for subclavian artery & vein
-rough area for attachment of middle scalene

Question 8

what is atypical about rib 2

Answer 8

-thinner & longer than rib 1
-rough area for attachment of posterior scalene

Question 9

what is atypical about rib 10?

Answer 9

has only one facet

Question 10

what is atypical about ribs 11 & 12

Answer 10

has no neck
has only one facet

Question 11

costal cartilage

Answer 11

-smooth, elastic, resilient CT
-connects ribs to sternum at front of chest
-made of cartilage cells in glycoprotein matrix strengthened by collagen
-contributes to elasticity in walls of thorax allowing chest to expand & retract during breathing

Question 12

sternum

Answer 12

manubrium
body
xiphoid process

Question 13

costal notch attachment site for…

Answer 13

RIB 1

Question 14

clavicular notch attachment site for…

Answer 14

attachment site for clavicle

Question 15

where is the infrasternal angle

Answer 15

at xiphoid process

Question 16

costovertebral joint

Answer 16

between rib & vertebral body

Question 17

costotransverse joint

Answer 17

between rib & TVP

Question 18

sternocostal joint

Answer 18

between sternum & costal cartilage

Question 19

costochondral joint

Answer 19

between rib & costal cartilage

Question 20

COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINT type & movements

Answer 20

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
gliding (elevation & depression of ribs during breathing)

Question 21

COSTOTRANSVERSE JOINT type & movements

Answer 21

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
gliding (elevation & depression of ribs durin breathing)

Question 22

STERNOCOSTAL JOINT (1ST RIB) type & movements

Answer 22

cartilaginous, synchondrosis, synarthrosis
no movements

Question 23

STERNOCOSTAL JOINT (RIBS 2-7) type & movements

Answer 23

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
slight gliding

Question 24

COSTOCHONDRAL JOINTS type & movements

Answer 24

cartilaginous, synchondrosis, synarthrosis
slight movement

Question 25

SUBCLAVIUS

Answer 25

O: 1st rib (junction of costal cartilage)
I: middle 1/3 clavicle (inferior surface)
A: assist in stabilization of clavicle, depress clavicle
N: nerve to subclavius

Question 26

intercostal muscles

Answer 26

external
internal
innermost

Question 27

function of intercostal muscles

Answer 27

aid in posture & respiration

Question 28

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

Answer 28

O: lower border of ribs
I: upper border of ribs below
A: elevate ribs in inspiration, supports intercostal spaces in inspiration & expiration
N: intercostal nerves
*fibers travel inferior & medially

Question 29

INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

Answer 29

O: inner surfaces of ribs & costal cartilage
I: upper borders adjacent ribs below
A: prevents pushing out / drawing in of intercostal spaces in inspiration & expiration, lowers ribs in forced expiration
N: intercostal nerves
*fibers travel inferior & laterally

Question 30

INNERMOST INTERCOSTALS

Answer 30

O: lower border of ribs
I: upper border of ribs below
A: elevates ribs
N: intercostal nerves
*fibers travel inferior & laterally

Question 31

LEVATOR COSTARUM

Answer 31

O: TVP C7-T11
I: ribs 1-12
A: elevation of ribs (inspiration)
N: dorsal rami

Question 32

3 openings in diaphragm

Answer 32

1. inferior vena cava (T8)
2. esophagus (T10)
3. abdominal aorta (T12)

Question 33

diaphragm INSPIRATION

Answer 33

muscles contract: diaphragm, external intercostals
enlarge thoracic cavity & elevate ribs -> causes air to rush into lungs

Question 34

diaphragm EXPIRATION

Answer 34

muscles relax: diaphragm & external intercostals
causes elastic tissue in lungs to spring back & expire aire