LAB II - MIDTERM

Question 1

typical vs. atypical CERVICAL vertebrae

Answer 1

TYPICAL: C3, C4, C5, C6
ATYPICAL: C1, C2, C7

Question 2

uncinate process

Answer 2

only found in cervical spine
surrounds body of cervical vertebrae

Question 3

where does the spinal cord run through?

Answer 3

vertebral foramen

Question 4

what type of joint/ action is the atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 4

(between occiput & C1)
-synovial, condyloid, diarthrosis, biaxial
-flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion

Question 5

what type of joints are the facet joints?

Answer 5

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial

Question 6

which muscle is different: geniohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid

Answer 6

STYLOHYOID
(does NOT depress mandible)

Question 7

semispinalis capitis & cervicis actions

Answer 7

unilateral: contralateral rotation
bilateral: extension

Question 8

longissimus cervicis actions

Answer 8

unilateral: lateral flexion
bilateral: extension

Question 9

what muscle originates on the anterior tubercles of the TVPs of C3-C6?

Answer 9

anterior scalene

Question 10

suboccipital muscles - which do IPSILATERAL rotation?

Answer 10

-rectus capitis posterior major
-obliquus capitis inferior

Question 11

typical vs. atypical ribs

Answer 11

TYPICAL: 3-9
ATYPICAL: 1, 2, 10, 11, 12

Question 12

which ribs are not attached to the sternum (floating ribs)?

Answer 12

ribs 11 & 12

Question 13

intercostal muscles - external & innermost muscle actions

Answer 13

ELEVATES ribs
(internal: lowers ribs)

Question 14

what is atypical about T9?

Answer 14

only ONE superior demifacet

Question 15

what muscle originates on the SP of T11, T12 & upper lumbar?

Answer 15

iliocostalis lumborum

Question 16

muscle testing Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 16

-medial/ internal rotation
-extension
-ADDuction of the arm

Question 17

which ligament is different: ligamentum flavum, supraspinous ligament, ALL, temporal membrane

Answer 17

temporal membrane

Question 18

what is significant about the Pyramidalis muscle?

Answer 18

-tenses linea alba
-absent in ~20% of people

Question 19

testing iliopsoas muscle - group test

Answer 19

-hip flexion
-slight ABDuction
-slight lateral rotation to expose lesser trochanter

Question 20

semispinalis thoracis origin & insertion

Answer 20

ORIGIN: TVP of lower 6-10 vertebrae
INSERTION: SP C6-T4

Question 21

curves of the spine & where you would find them

Answer 21

-LORDOTIC: cervical & lumbar
-KYPHOTIC: thoracic, sacral
-SCOLIOSIS: lateral curvature of the spine

Question 22

different between cervical & thoracic intervertebral discs (IVD) - thickness

Answer 22

-cervical: thicker anteriorly
-thoracic: equal thickness
-lumbar: thicker anteriorly

Question 23

PSOAS minor insertion

Answer 23

iliopectineal eminence, arcuate line of ilium, iliac fascia

Question 24

what structures run through the diaphragm?

Answer 24

-inferior vena cava
-esophagus
-abdominal aorta

Question 25

what is unique about the coccyx?

Answer 25

3-5 fused vertebrae

Question 26

what is special about the SI joint? (what type of joint is it)

Answer 26

synovial, plane (ALSO fibrous & syndesmosis), DIARTHROSIS, AMPHIARTHROSIS

Question 27

nutation & counternutation (action on the sacrum)

Answer 27

NUTATION: sacrum flexed COUNTERNUTATION: sacrum in extension

Question 28

head of femur

Answer 28

fovea capitis -> for blood supply (attaches teres ligament)

Question 29

what shape are the joint surfaces on the SI joint?

Answer 29

-C-shaped auricular surface -convex & concave shape

Question 30

where is the inferior gluteal line?

Answer 30

lateral ilium

Question 31

where does the sacrotuberous ligament run from?

Answer 31

sacrum & ischial tuberosity

Question 32

BURSAE (3)

Answer 32

-trochanteric: between greater trochanter & gluteus maximus -ischial: between gluteus maximus & ischial tuberosity -gluteofemoral: between IT band & vastus lateralis

Question 33

what inserts into the angle of ribs 7-12?

Answer 33

iliocostalis lumborum

Question 34

PIRIFORMIS muscle test

Answer 34

seated, lateral rotation of thigh at hip

Question 35

origin of PIRIFORMIS

Answer 35

pelvic surface of sacrum close to S1-S4 sacral foramina, margin of greater sciatic notch, pelvic surface of sacrotuberous ligament

Question 36

what is innervated by the obturator nerve?

Answer 36

obturator externus