KINESIOLOGY Flashcards
(31 cards)
KINETICS
forces that produce / resist body movements
KINEMATICS
types of motion, direction of motion, amount of motion
OSTEOKINEMATICS
movement of bones
ARTHROKINEMATICS
movement of joints
(articular surfaces)
fixed point/ lever / axis is called a …
FULCRUM (A)
what is a mechanical lever?
rigid structure that moves around a fixed point / axis
two forces acting upon a fulcrum
LOAD: resistance force / load (R)
EFFORT: moving / holding force (F)
effort causes …
movement
force of muscular contraction
load …
resistance, opposes movement
weight of body part being moved / weight of something being lifted
what is the lever in the human body?
BONE / body segment
what is the fulcrum in the human body?
axis / JOINT
what is the effort / force in the human body?
muscle contracting
what is the load / resistance in the human body?
weight of body part (gravity) / weight of something being lifted
FIRST CLASS LEVER
fulcrum = in between effort & load
EX: atlanto-occipital joint
SECOND CLASS LEVER
load = in between fulcrum & effort
EX: standing on balls of feet
THIRD CLASS LEVER
effort = in between fulcrum & load
EX: bicep curl
TORQUE
force applied around axis that produces rotational joint motion
-muscles create torques (forces) that turn / lift our limbs
3 main types of movement that occur
roll
slide / glide
spin
(ex. KNEE = all 3 types)
CONCAVE
hollow / rounded inward
CONVEX
curved / rounded outward
OPEN KINETIC CHAIN
distal segment = free to move
CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN
distal segment = weight bearing
AGONIST
-primary mover
-principle muscle producing movement
-may produce: concentric, eccentric, isometric contraction
ANTAGONIST
-opposing action of prime mover
-usually inactive during activity
-allows prime mover action
