G10 Unit 25 (Carbohydrates)

Question 1

general formula of Carbohydrates

Answer 1

CnH2nOn

Question 2

are molecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 2

Carbohydrates

Question 3

Carbohydrates basically contain an aldehyde or a ketone unit, with multiple hydroxyl groups at almost all carbon atoms.

Question 4

alternate name of Carbohydrates

Answer 4

saccharides

Question 5

Latin word that means sugar

Answer 5

saccharum

Question 6

Classifying Carbohydrates Based on Complexity

Answer 6

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Question 7

are the simplest form of carbohydrates

Answer 7

Monosaccharides

Question 8

carbohydrates are composed of only one basic molecule

Answer 8

Monosaccharides

Question 9

mono

Answer 9

one

Question 10

3 Types of Monosaccharides (Sugar)

Answer 10

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 11

common in nature, used as an energy source by many organisms

Answer 11

Glucose

Question 12

common in plants, especially in fruits

Answer 12

Fructose

Question 13

found in some plants and in dairy products

Answer 13

Galactose

Question 14

Classifying Carbohydrates Based on Complexity

Answer 14

open-chain

cyclic forms

Question 15

open-chain and cyclic forms, and these forms are interchangeable through chemical reactions.

Question 16

In aqueous solutions, most of the glucose will be found in their cyclic form.

Question 17

are two monosaccharides bonded to each other

Answer 17

Disaccharides

Question 18

From the prefix di-, disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides combine, with water as the other product of the reaction.

Question 19

3 types of disaccharides

Answer 19

Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose

Question 20

Components of Lactose

Answer 20

Glucose and Galactose

Question 21

Components of Maltose

Answer 21

Glucose and Glucose

Question 22

Components of Sucrose

Answer 22

Glucose and Fructose

Question 23

Commonly found in milk

Answer 23

Lactose

Question 24

Many food types, especially fermented products

Answer 24

Maltose

Question 25

Table sugar

Answer 25

Sucrose

Question 26

In a disaccharide, the monosaccharides are linked via a _ _

Answer 26

condensation reaction

Question 27

In a disaccharide, the monosaccharides are linked via a condensation reaction producing an ether (C−O−C) group called

Answer 27

glycosidic bond

Question 28

are long chains of monosaccharide units

Answer 28

Polysaccharides

Question 29

alternate name of complex carbohydrates

Answer 29

Polysaccharides

Question 30

are composed of one type of monosaccharide

Answer 30

homopolysaccharides

Question 31

multiple types

Answer 31

heteropolysaccharides with multiple types

Question 32

3 types of Polysaccharides

Answer 32

Cellulose Chitin Starch

Question 33

Found in the cell wall of plants

Answer 33

Cellulose

Question 34

Found in the exoskeletons of arthropods

Answer 34

Chitin

Question 35

Energy storage in plants

Answer 35

Starch

Question 36

main function of carbohydrates

Answer 36

store and provide energy

Question 37

Carbohydrates are broken down into smaller glucose units, which can be easily absorbed by the cells.

Question 38

When glucose is further broken down, the energy is released from the chemical bonds. The energy is then used or stored by the body.

Question 39

Some carbohydrates also serve as the framework of cellular structures.

Question 40

These carbohydrates serve as a brace or a support structure for the shape and form of the organism or any associated structures to remain intact.

Question 41

One very important carbohydrate that is used for structural purposes is _

Question 42

a polysaccharide that forms the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungal cells

Answer 42

chitin

Question 43

_ chains make up the microfibrils, which in turn are organized into fibrils that make up the cell wall of plant cells

Answer 43

Cellulose

Question 44

Carbohydrates also form other types of molecules once bonded to specific groups.

Question 45

are proteins bonded to carbohydrates

Answer 45

glycoproteins

Question 46

These are very important molecules that serve many functions, like their use as markers or factors that influence viral growth.

Question 47

Uses of Carbohydrates

Answer 47

Energy Source and Energy Storage Structural Purposes As Components of other Molecules